Surface and thermodynamic properties of well-purified sodium 1-alkyl decane sulfonates in aqueous solutions and in sodium chloride solutions were measured at 45°C. The solubility, critical micelle concentration (CMC), minimum area per molecule, and standard thermodynamic parameters of adsorptio...

N-Acylethanolamines (NAEs) including N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and N-palmitoylethanolamine are endogenous lipid mediators. These molecules are degraded to the corresponding fatty acids and ethanolamine by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) or NAE-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA). Lip...

The object of this effort is conversion of a toxic alkaloid into a proper acidic ionic liquid catalyst, so nicotinium sulfate (3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl) pyridine·H2SO4 or NHS) was prepared as a new protic ionic liquid by treatment of sulfuric acid with ethereal phase of nicotine extracted fro...

A small series of 5-nitro-2-aminothiazole-based amides containing arylpiperazine-, biphenyl- or aryloxyphenyl groups in their core were synthesized and evaluated as antitrypanosomatid agents. All tested compounds were active or moderately active against Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes in infected ...

The 2-acylamino-5-nitro-1,3-thiazole derivatives (1–14) were prepared using a one step reaction. All compounds were tested in vitro against four neglected protozoan parasites (Giardia intestinalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi). Acetamide (9), valeroylamid...

A new heterocyclic reductive alkylating agent, the 2-methyl-4-chloromethyl-5-nitrothiazole, has been synthesized and could react with the 2-nitropropane anion as nucleophile, to give the 2-methyl-4-(2-methylpropenyl)-5-nitrothiazole as the major product. The reaction was shown to proceed by the ...

Urinary phase I metabolites of α-pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP) in humans were investigated by analyzing urine specimens obtained from drug abusers. Unequivocal identification and accurate quantification of major metabolites were realized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid...

The kinetics of asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl levulinate in the presence of the (COD)Ru(2-methylallyl)2–BINAP–HCl catalytic system was studied. The kinetic order in H2, as well as in the catalyst, was found to be equal to 1, whereas the kinetic order for the substrate and HCl falled from ...

Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization combined with electronic ground state depletion spectroscopy of jet-cooled 2-methylallyl (C4H7) radicals provides vibronic spectra of the 3s and 3p Rydberg states. Analysis of the vibronic structure following one-photon and two-photon excitation of rovib...

A Rh2(OAc)4 and InCl3 co-catalyzed three component reaction of diazo compounds, carbamates and aldehydes has been developed to synthesize β-hydroxyl-α-amino acid derivatives in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivity. The reaction is proceeded via trapping of active carbamate ammonium ...

Dicloxacillin sodium (DXS) is a β-Lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible (non-resistant) gram-positive bacteria. β-producing organisms such asStaphylococcus aureus, are resistant to most penicillins, however the DXS is active. The activi...

The sila-β-diketone, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2-silaheptane-3,5-dione (tmshdH), was synthesized by the condensation of the anion of 2-trimethylsilyl-1,3-dithiane with 1-bromo-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one, followed by unmasking of the latent carbonyl moiety with HgO/HgCl2. A monoclinic polymorph of the kn...

A novel diazo transfer reaction of 2-lithiated 2-(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-dithiane with tosyl azide in a 1:20 HMPA-THF mixture furnishes 2-diazo-1,3-dithiane 2, which decomposes at about 0°C to give in fairly high yield bis(1,3-dithianylidene) 5 through formal dimerization of derived carbene 4. In ...

Nifurpirinol, 6-hydroxymethyl-2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]pyridine, which has been widely used as an antibacterial drug against diseases of fish, was found to be a potent mutagen. The mutagenic effect was dose-related, and the potencies were calculated to be 1.49 × 103, 7.24 × 104 and 8.49 × ...

Reversed-phase HPLC methods are described for determining the stability and concentration certification of the antituberculosis prodrug aconiazide (ACON) in aqueous dosing solution and for assessing the concentrations of ACON and isoniazid (INH) in plasma from ACON-treated male and female Fische...

Isoniazid, the hydrazide of isonicotinic acid, is widely used in the treatment and prophylaxis of tuberculosis. The toxicity and carcinogenicity of isoniazid have been attributed to the action of its metabolites, hydrazine and acetylhydrazine. Aconiazide, the isonicotinylhydrazone of 2-formylphe...

PurposePersistent pulmonary hypertension(PPH) in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is caused by increased vascular cell proliferation and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, thus leading to obstructive changes in the pulmonary vasculature. C-Kit and its ligand, stem cell factor(SCF), are expr...

PurposePulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Voltage-gated potassium channels KCNQ1, KCNQ4, and KCNQ5 are expressed by rodent pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, contributing to their vascular tone. We hypothesized that KCNQ1, KCNQ4, and...

PurposeDevelopmental mutations that inhibit diaphragmatic and pulmonary mesenchyme formation have been shown to cause congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and pulmonary hypoplasia (PH). Kinesin family member 7 (Kif7) plays a crucial role in diaphragmatic and pulmonary morphogenesis by controlli...

Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been utilized as an available tool for the identification and analysis of compounds owing to its unique characters. The THz spectrum of nitrofen was detected and the comparison with other two solid pesticides (thiacloprid and acetamipyrid) was pro...