Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) is an emerging contaminant which is ubiquitous in the indoor and outdoor environment. Moreover, its presence in human body fluids and biota has been evidenced. Since no quantitative data exist on the biotransformation or stability of TCIPP in the human b...

BackgroundPhosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are ubiquitously detected in indoor environments. Despite increasing health concerns pertaining to PFR exposure, few epidemiological studies have examined PFR exposure and its effect on children's allergies.

The rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF) were prepared using tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TCPP) and modified aramid fiber(MAF) as flame retardants. The thermal degradation behaviors of RPUF and flame retardant RPUF were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG–IR), ga...

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are increasingly produced and used as alternatives of brominated flame-retardants (BFRs) and have become emerging marine environmental contaminants. So far, however, little is known regarding the biological effects of OPFRs in marine organisms. In this st...

The crystal and molecular structures of potassium (I), ammonium (II) and dicyclohexylammonium (III) (2-oxopropyl) phosphonates were determined by X-ray methods. For all three compounds the monoionized anion has a similar conformation, with the phosphonate group projected out of the ketone backbo...

Based on reaction of (+)- or (-)-dimenthyl phosphite with trifluoroacetonitrile the synthesis of optically active O,O-dimenthyl α-iminotrifluoroethylphosphonates was developed. The synthetic potential of these novel chiral synthons was demonstrated by their easy diastereoselective functionaliza...

An efficient four step synthesis of the title compound 4-hydroxy-3-oxobutylphosphonate (2) has been developed based on inexpensive 4-ethoxy-1-hydroxybutane-2-one using an Arbusow reaction (59% overall yield). Several dihydroxyacetone-dependent aldolases having different stereospecificities were ...

The solution and solid state structures of single stereoisomers of α-adducts of diethyl(1-cyclohexenyl)methyl-phosphonate and three aldehydes were determined by NMR spectroscopy and by X-ray diffraction. In both phases, the molecules exist in virtually the same conformation, involving gauche or...

Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) that contain a 6-oxopurine base are good inhibitors of the human and Plasmodium falciparum 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases (PRTs), key enzymes of the purine salvage pathway. Chemical modifications, based on the crystal structures of several inhibitor...

Ln3+ complexes with the phosphonate ligands: diethyl(2-oxopropyl) phosphonate [CH3C(O)CH2P(O)(OC2H5)2] (OPP) and diethyl (2-oxo-2-phenylethyl) phosphonate [C6H5C(O)CH2P(O)(OC2H5)2] (DEPP) were synthesized and characterized. Complexation studies and spectral characterizations are performed. Based...

In this study, a novel cellulose diacetate based copolymer used as tissues scaffold, cellulose diacetate-graft-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (CDA-g-PET) was developed by “graft onto” strategy using 3-Isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyc-lohexyl isocyanate (IPDI) as a coupling reagent of cellulos...

Lead and tin tetraacetates form H2[Pb(HSO4)6] and H2[Sn(HSO4)6] in disulphuric acid which behave as weak acids of the system. Tin tetraethoxide, tetraphenyl tin, triphenyl tin chloride and diphenyl tin dichloride are solvolysed. Tetraethyl and tetrapropyl tin form the corresponding trialkyl tin ...

The toxic effects of triethyllead (TriEL) on semi-vivo cultured pollen tubes of Nicotiana sylvestris were investigated by light and electron microscopy. TriEL caused severe retardation of pollen tube growth and induced three obvious alterations in pollen tube ultrastructure: (a) thickening of tu...

Methylmercury chloride (MeHg) and triethyllead chloride (Et3Pb) interfere with the myelin deposition in young rats. In order to establish how myelin synthesis and development are affected by these neurotoxins, we have investigated the synthesis of myelin galactolipids using two different systems...

The effect of triethyllead (TriEL) on motile activity, structure of cytoskeleton and chemotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae in developing concentration gradients of folic acid (FA) and cAMP has been studied. It was observed that 3 μM TriEL had little or no effect on locomotion and chemo...

Organolead compounds enter the environment primarily through the combustion of leaded gasoline and industrial discharge. Lead and lead-containing compounds have been shown to induce a broad spectrum of toxic effects, including hematopoetic, renal, neurologic, and carcinogenic effects. In this st...

Equilibrium dialysis experiments were carried out to determine the affinity constant and stoichiometry of the binding of triethyllead to rat and cat hemoglobin. The affinity constants were 4 × 105 m−1 and 4.5 × 105 m−1 for rat and cat hemoglobin, respectively, and 2 mol triethyllead combined w...

Rats treated with triethyllead (TEL) exhibit a behavioral supersensitivity to challenge with dopamine agonists at 7 days following administration of TEL. In the present series of experiments, some neurochemical mechanisms which may affect this behavioral supersensitivity were detected. Administr...

SummaryThe active uptake of externally supplied sucrose by isolated cotyledons of Ricinus communis L. is characterized by a Km of 17mM and a Vmax of 5.3 μmoles × 100 mg−1 FW × h−1. This uptake was completely inhibited by triethyllead in a non-competitive manner, because in the presence of the...

Effect of triethyllead on the specific [3H]flunitrazepam binding was studied in rat cortical and cerebellar P2 fractions in vitro and in tissue homogenates of several rat brain regions ex vivo after 5 daily subcutaneous doses of 1.9 mg/kg triethyllead acetate to rats. Up to concentration of 100 ...