We cloned and analyzed the two genes of the 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase (HDR) gene family from Huperzia serrate. The two transcripts coding HDR, named HsHDR1 and HsHDR2, were discovered in the transcriptome dataset of H. serrate and were cloned by reverse transcripti...

Deprotonation of all isomeric lithium pyridinecarboxylates and subsequent trapping with hexachloroethane or iodine afforded straightforward access to chloro- and iodopyridinecarboxylic acids, respectively. Starting from lithium 5-bromonicotinate, the introduction of an iodine atom at C4 and furt...

A novel transformation of 1-(1,2-propadienyl)cyclopropanols into substituted 1,4-hydroquinones has been developed utilizing the interaction of 1,2-propadienes and octacarbonyldicobalt (Co2(CO)8). This reaction was applied to the synthesis of vitamin E and K analogs.

The crystal structure of hydroquinone 1,2-dioxygenase, a Fe(II) ring cleaving dioxygenase from Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3, which oxidizes a wide range of hydroquinones to the corresponding 4-hydroxymuconic semialdehydes, has been solved by Molecular Replacement, using the coordinates of PnpCD...

A highly regio- and stereoselective procedure for the synthesis of 2-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolinones through a two-step procedure, e.g. (i) palladium–copper catalysed C-arylation of terminal alkynes and (ii) copper-catalysed cyclisation of disubstituted alkynes, is described. 2-(N-...

A novel irreversible 5-HT1A receptor binding ligand, NCS-MPP (4-(2′-methoxy-phenyl)-1-[2′-(N-2″-pyridyl)-p-isothiocyanobenzamido]-ethyl-piperazine), based on the new 5-HT1A receptor antagonist p-MPPI (4-(2′-methoxy-phenyl)-1-[2′-(N-2″-pyridyl)-p-iodobenzamido]-ethyl-piperazine), was synthe...

A new photoaffinity ligand derived from the potent 5-HT agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, has been synthesized. In the dark, this compound, 8-methoxy-2(N-n-propyl,N-3-(2-nitro-4-azidophenyl)aminopropyl)aminotetralin or 8-methoxy-3′-NAP-amino-PAT, displaced [3H]8-OH-DPAT and [3H]5-HT bound to 5-HT1A and 5-HT1...

PM3 calculations of the pull-push dienes in the Diels-Alder reactions with acetonitrile and acrylonitrile are presented. Two of the pull-push dienes, 1-dimethylamino-1-iodoisoprene and 1-fluoro-1-dimethylaminoisoprene where studied. In the iodo isomer the C-I bond can be easily broken and the ac...

The IR, Raman and NMR spectra of 3-N,N-dimethylhydrazino-2-methylsulfonyl propenenitrile (DMHSP) [(H3C)2NNHCHC(CN) (SO2CH3)] as a solid and in different solvents were measured. The spectra and X-ray analysis revealed that DMHSP was prepared as a pure E-isomer and E-syn conformer with the syn ori...

The IR, Raman and NMR spectra of similar push–pull ethylenes 3-dimethylamino-2-acetyl propenenitrile (DAAPN) (H3C)2N–CHC(CN)(COCH3) and 3-dimethylamino-2-methylsulfonyl propenenitrile (DASPN) (H3C)2N–CHC(CN)(SO2CH3) were measured. According to NMR spectra both compounds were prepared as pure ...

2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) is a fluorogenic probe commonly used to detect cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), for example in the respiratory burst of granulocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. This method depends on the de-acetylation of H2DCFDA by cel...

To detect intracellular oxidant formation during reoxygenation of anoxic endothelium, the oxidant-sensing fluorescent probes, 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, dihydrorhodamine 123, or 5(and 6)-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate were added to human umbilical vein en...

Formation of dichlorofluorescein (DCF), the fluorescent oxidation product of 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH2), in cells loaded with the latter compound is often used to detect ROS formation. We previously found that exposure of DCFH2-loaded A549 cells to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa secr...

2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) is commonly used to detect the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and for assessing the overall oxidative stress in toxicological phenomenon. It has been suggested that DCFH-DA crosses the cell membrane, subsequently undergoing deac...

A series of novel N-alkyl 5′-chloromethylphosphonates of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (6–15) was synthesized by means of phosphonylation of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (4) with P-chloromethylphosphonic ditriazolide (3) followed by a reaction with the appropriate amine. The synthesized phospho...

The synthesis of 3′-fluoro-4′-amino-hexitol nucleosides with a uracil and cytosine nucleobase was performed. The synthesis started from 1,5:2,3-dianhydro-4,6-benzylidene-allitol and afforded the target compounds in 15 steps. These protected hexitol nucleosides are valuable building blocks for ...

This study was conducted to monitor the concentration of ethyl carbamate in three different types of soy sauce commercially available in Korea. A total of 90 soy sauces, including 35 fermented, 44 mixed and 11 traditional products, were collected and analysed for ethyl carbamate using a gas chro...

Yeast cell catalysts carrying a recombinant Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans alcohol dehydrogenase (ChADH) gene were used to synthesise ethyl (R)-mandelate. Transgenic Arxula adeninivorans and Hansenula polymorpha strains were constructed to produce recombinant ChADH at high concentrations. Bio...

The style and quality of Baijiu is greatly influenced by ethyl acetate. Therefore, improving and controlling the ethyl acetate levels in Baijiu is important. This study investigated ethyl acetate production using a co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y3401 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus Y3604. ...

Isobaric vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the binary systems of ethyl iodide with ethanol, propionic acid and ethyl propionate at 101.3 kPa were measured in an Ellis equilibrium still, and the thermodynamic consistency of the experimental data was checked by the Herington area method and...