The colon electromyogram was recorded in vitro from the proximal colon during exposure to sodium ricinoleate and sodium oleate at 5 × 10− 9 to 10− 5 M. Records were read for the proportion of time of congruence of slow waves, for slow wave frequency, for slow wave velocity, and for the incidenc...

Oleoyl-12-hydroxylase is the enzyme responsible for ricinoleate biosynthesis in castor (Ricinus communis). The hydroxylase introduces the mid-chain hydroxyl group, resulting in a fatty acid with numerous chemical uses. To determine conditions for high levels of ricinoleate production, it is impo...

This paper presents a highly sensitive gas-sensing platform based on a ZnO nanowire (NW) forest circumferentially grown on a suspended single glassy carbon NW. The fabrication was carried out at a wafer level using only batch fabrication processes including carbon-microelectromechanical systems ...

Our aim was to determine haemoglobin content in earthworm populations from sites with different amounts of soil pollution. The study was done on Lumbricus terrestris specimens from four sites: the median strip of a busy street in Cracow; a city park; forest about 30 km from Cracow (100 m from a ...

SummaryObjectiveTo provide scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of forest bathing as a natural therapy by investigating its physiological benefits using biological indicators in outdoor settings.

The discovery is reported of a new fetal hemoglobin (Hb) variant which has an abnormal Aγ globin chain with two substitutions, namely 73(E17) Asp → Asn and 75(E19) Ile → Thr (the latter is also seen in the common AγT chain). This AγT variant was present in a female Caucasian newborn; its qu...

The aim of the paper is to describe advantages and disadvantages of forest kindergarten in Czech Republic from stakeholder's point of view. In the light of qualitative data obtained from semi structured interviews and observation in 3 forest kindergarten and document analyses we are answeri...

Iguaçu National Park, which contains the largest remnant of Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil and Iguaçu Falls as one of its main visiting points, is a year-round attraction for thousands of domestic and international tourists. Ring-tailed coatis are generalist, opportunistic carnivores that be...

Several studies have previously proposed that blood hemoglobin concentration in nestling passerines is a reliable index of individual condition and nutritional state. In this paper we present results concerning variation in hemoglobin concentration in the blood of ca. 14-day-old nestling great t...

5-Deoxy-5-fluoro- (1), 5,3′-dideoxy-5-fluoro- (2), and 5,3′,4′-trideoxy-5-fluoro-kanamycin B (3) have been prepared by treatment of 5-epihydroxyl precursors (prepared by the Mitsunobu reaction) with DAST as the key step. 5,3′-Dideoxy-5,5-difluoro- (26) and 5,3′,4′-trideoxy-5,5-difluoro-kan...

4′-Deoxy-4′-fluorokanamycins A (17) and B (25) have been prepared through fluorinative ring-opening of the d-galacto-3′,4′-oxiranes (8 and 21) derived from kanamycin A and B with potassium hydrogenfluoride in ethane-1,2-diol. The mechanism of preponderant formation of the 4′-deoxy-4′-fluor...

Leucinostatin A (Leu-A) is a nonapeptide exerting a remarkable activity especially against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans; nevertheless, its employment is limited due its toxicity. Therefore, we recently developed liposomal formulations, as suitable delivery systems, in order to in...

Peptide mycotoxins “leucinostatins” were obtained from the culture strains of Paecilomyces lilacinus, which were isolated both from soil and a case of human oculomycosis. Comparative studies of the symptoms of experimental keratomycosis caused both by the inoculation of P. lilacinus and by dir...

A capillary zone electrophoretic method was used to separate some leucinostatins, the nonapeptides obtained by submerged cultures of Paecilomyces marquandii or Paecilomyces lilacinus. These compounds are of pharmaceutical interest for their remarkable antibiotic, cytotoxic and phytotoxic activit...

Earlier studies have disclosed that leucinostatin A, a hydrophobic nonapeptide antibiotic, assumes an α-helical secondary structure in nonpolar environments. The present report demonstrates that the peptide acts as a weak ionophore facilitating the transport of mono-and divalent cations through...

Acremonium sp. occurs as an endophyte in European yew (Taxus baccata). It produces a series of peptide antifungal-anticancer agents known as the leucinostatins. Leucinostatin A is especially active against the oomycetous—plant pathogenic fungus—Pythium ultimum with an effective 1 day 50% inhib...

This paper describes chemical modification of the toxic agent Leucinostatin A and its conjugation with a monoclonal antibody. The molecule, isolated from a culture filtrate of Paecilomyces marquandii (Massee) Hughes, is a nonapeptide antibiotic with cytotoxic and phytotoxic properties. To evalua...

Peptide antibiotic, Leucinostatin D, was synthesized by stepwise elongation method, starting from β-alanine t-butyl ester. Z-octapeptide ester was converted to amide derivative and finally coupled with (4S,E)-4-methylhex-2-enoyl-L-4-methylproline

Structure-activity relationship study of leucinostatin A, a natural nonapeptide, was performed to gain insight into the structural requirements for leucinostatin A to exhibit antiproliferative activity against DU-145 prostate cancer cells under cocultured conditions with the corresponding stroma...

Analysis using 32P-postlabelling and a recently developed HPLC method resolved the adduct formed by reaction of the benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) anti-bay-region diol-epoxide with DNA from the more polar major adduct produced by the hydrocarbon in three different biological systems. In each case, t...