Several per-O-methylated monosaccharides and polysaccharides were used as models in an attempt to identify more convenient reagents for accomplishing reductive cleavage of glycosidic linkages. Included in the model studies were methyl α- and β-d-glucopyranoside, methyl α- and β-d-mannopyrano...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pose a major public health threat. The 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) report estimates that one in three HIV deaths is due to Mtb, the causative agent of Tuberculosis (TB). The lethal synergy between these two path...

ObjectiveThere is considerable uncertainty regarding the optimal use of rifampicin for the treatment of tuberculous (TB) meningitis. A pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation study of rifampicin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during TB meningitis treatment was performed in this study.

BackgroundThe use of oral methadone in opioid substitution treatment (OST) for the management of opioid use disorder is established clinical practice. Confounding treatment is the increased risks of contracting Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the mainstay treatment of which incorporates the potent C...

Rifampicin was discovered in 1965 and remains one of the most important drugs in tuberculosis treatment that is valued for its sterilizing activity and ability to shorten treatment. Antimicrobial activity of rifampicin was initially proved in vitro; subsequently numerous in vivo studies showed t...

The effects of the antibiotic rifampin on microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes were investigated. On acute administration, rifampin (100 mg/kg i.p.) doubled hexobarbital sleeping time and zoxazolamine paralysis time in mice. The in vitro metabolism of zoxazolamine (0.25 mM) and 17β-estradiol (1...

In the third stage of our study concerning the search for new antibacterial rifamycin antibiotics, the reactions of 3-formylrifamycin SV (1) with a range of primary alkylamines and ketones of general structure R1–CH2–CO–R2 (R1H or alkyl and R2alkyl or aryl) has been investigated. A new synthe...

New rifamycin congeners (1-33) with incorporated amine and hydrazone substituents leading to lipophilic and/or basic nature and altered rigidity of modified C(3) arm were synthesized and structurally characterized in detail. NMR spectroscopic studies at different temperatures indicate two types ...

Results from the incorporation of [1,2-13C2]- and [2-2H3,1-13C]acetates into kinamycin D. indicate the involvement of only unsymmetrical intermediates; the identity of some of these are suggested.

1.1. In the present study the major metabolic pathways of glucose metabolism were determined in isolated liver cells using [2-13C]acetate and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy.2.2. The relative reaction rates of glucose synthesis to the TCA cycle were determined from the 13C distribution in gl...

Brain [2-13C]γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signal derived from the glia-specific substrate [2-13C]acetate reflects the extent of the GABA–glutamine neurotransmitter cycling between GABAergic neurons and glial cells. We report, for the first time, in vivo quantification of the GABA–glutamine cycl...

New azo-azomethine sensor, HL, has been synthesized and characterized using standard spectroscopic methods. HL was found to sense CN− and AcO− in DMSO and semi-aqueous media over other anions such as Fˉ, Clˉ, Brˉ, Iˉ, H2PO4ˉ and HSO4ˉ. The anions recognition ability of HL was also evaluate...

A novel silica-supported tert-butyl 2-picolyamino-N-acetate chelating resin (Si-AMPY-1) was successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, SEM and 13C CP/MAS NMR. The adsorption behaviors of the Si-AMPY-1 resin for Cu(II) and Ni(II) were studied with batch and column me...

Ex vivo {13C, 2H} NMR spectroscopy allowed to estimate the relative sizes of neuronal and glial glutamate pools and the relative contributions of (1-13C) glucose and (2-13C, 2-2H3) acetate to the neuronal and glial tricarboxylic acid cycles of the adult rat brain. Rats were infused during 60 min...

Labelling experiments with [2-13C]- and [1,2-13C]acetate showed that both photopigments of Anacystis nidulans, chlorophyll a and phycocyanobilin, share a common biosynthetic pathway from glutamate. The fate of deuterium during these biosynthetic events was studied using [2-13C, 2-2H3]acetate as ...

Crude extracts of several Trichilia species (Meliaceae) were evaluated for their behavioral and physiological effects on the polyphagous lepidopterans Peridroma saucia and Spodoptera litura. A majority of extracts of nine Trichilia species, collected primarily from Costa Rica, significantly dete...

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a chlorinated organic pollutant of groundwater with diverse toxic effects in animals and humans. Here, we investigated the ameliorative role of hesperidin, a citrus bioflavonoid on TCE-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Four groups of D. melanogaster (50 flie...

The efficacies of the sonolytic, photolytic and sonophotolytic activation of persulfate were investigated and compared for degradation of trichloroethylene in aqueous solutions. The effects of the operating variables on trichloroethylene removal efficiency were assessed and optimized by employin...

ZusammenfassungDie zum Naturstoff Wisanin isomeren (1Z,3E)- und (1Z,3Z) Verbindungen wurden synthetisiert und mit Hilfe ihrer spektroskopischen Daten charakterisiert.

1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectra reveal that CDCl3 solution of 1,3-bis(quinolin-2-yl)acetone contains only (1Z,3Z)-3-[quinolin-2(1H)-ylidene]-1-(quinolin-2-yl)prop-1-en-2-ol. The proton transfer takes place between two basic centers of the molecule, which means that the process is an identity reactio...