In this study, the selective crystallization and characterization of the stoichiometric forms of the p-toluenesulfonamide/triphenylphosphine oxide (p-TSA–TPPO) co-crystal system in acetonitrile (MeCN) is demonstrated using batch and semi-batch crystallizers. In the batch study, both 1:1 and 3:2...

The kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of threose-series hexoses and pentoses by chloramine-T in alkaline medium was investigated. Kinetic studies with d-galactose, d-sorbose, d-xylose, and d-lyxose showed that the rate of the reaction was first order with respect to sugar and chloramine-T, and...

The kinetics of the ruthenium(III) chloride [Ru(III)]-catalysed oxidation of four α-amino acids (AA) viz. glycine (Gly), valine (Val), alanine (Ala) and leucine (Leu) by sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide (CAT: Chloramine-T) in the presence of hydrochloric acid medium has been studied at 308 ...

The action of ultrasound on deoxygenated aqueous solutions of d-glucose yielded d-gluconic acid, d-arabino-hexos-2-ulose, d-ribo-hexos-3-ulose, d-xylo-hexos-4- and -5-ulose, d-gluco-hexodialdose, 2-deoxy-d-arabino-hexonic acid, 5-deoxy-d-xylo-hexonic acid, 6-deoxy-l-threo-hexos-4,5-diulose, and ...

Novel hybrids of lipoic acid and trolox connected through triamine spacers as well as analogues in which the lipoic acid was attached at different positions of the chroman moiety of vitamin E through an amide bond, were synthesized and exhibited strong inhibition of the microsomal lipid peroxida...

The azetidine iminosugars, (2S,3R)-2-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)azetidin-3-ol 3, (2R,3R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)azetidin-3-ol 4, and (2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-N-methylazetidine-2-carboxylic acid 5 were synthesized from d-glucose derived 3-N-benzyloxycarbonyl-3-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-d-xylofuranose 8 using...

The first stereoselective synthesis of (2S,3R,6S)-6-methyl-3-hydroxy-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid (−)-6 and (2R,3R,6S)-6-methyl-(2-hydroxymethyl)-piperidine-3-ol (+)-7 was achieved starting from readily available d-glucose in 14 steps with 17% overall yield for both the compounds. The key featur...

Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (HL) and its copper(II) complexes: [CuLCl(H2O)2] (1), [CuL(OAc)](H2O) (2), [CuL(OAcac)] (3), [CuL(NO3)](H2O) (4), [CuL2](H2O) (5) were synthesized and characterized. The ligand has been obtained by condensation of 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-c...

A facile preparation is described of 3-(indol-3-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethylcyclopent-2-enone and its N-derivatives in 15–40% yields by the degradation of ascorbigen or its N-derivatives in a warm solution of l-ascorbic acid through a sequential domino reaction. The same cyclopentenone derivat...

Abnormal accumulation of melanin pigments in the skin can be lead to hyperpigmentation disorders and melanoma. Melanin biosynthesis is ultimately regulated by the rate-limiting enzyme tyrosinase. In the present study, we synthesized chalcone derivatives and identified 1-(2-cyclohexylmethoxy-6-hy...

A simple and convenient synthesis of 3-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)quinoline derivatives via the treatment of 3-[hydroxy(2-nitroaryl)methyl]-4H-chromen-4-ones, derived from chromones and various 2-nitrobenzaldehydes, with Fe/AcOH, in a one-pot operation, is described.

A class of novel 2-aryl-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-6(8)-methyl-1,3-benzoxazines was prepared by reactions of 2-methyl-6-((1,3,4-thiadiazolylamino)methyl)phenols or 4-methyl-2-((1,3,4-thiadiazolylamino)methyl)phenols and 2- or 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in the presence of TMSCl in refluxing toluene. The ele...

The FT–IR and UV–Vis spectra for 1H–pyrazole–3–carboxylic acid (H2pc) were recorded in methanol solvent. The optimized molecular structure, vibrational frequencies and NMR chemical shifts of the title molecule in methanol solvent and gas phase were obtained by using DFT/B3LYP and DFT/HSEh1P...

The 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (NQCCs) for 1H-cinnolin-4-one and its 1- and 2-methyl derivatives have been obtained by nuclear quadrupole double resonance. The X-ray crystal structures of the 1H and 1Me compounds have been solved, and show lengths and angles consistent with relate...

Reduction of (2-nitrophenyl)(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methanone 4 with zinc and ammonium chloride gave 5,10-dihydro-pyrrolo[1,2-b]cinnolin-10-one 5 and (2-hydroxylaminophenyl)(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methanone 6 whereas reduction of 4 with zinc and sodium hydroxide gave only 5. Reaction of (2-nitrophenyl)(1H-pyrro...

Administration of selective agonists of D, dopamine receptors increases immediate early gene expression in striatal neurons, a response which is particularly robust in the dopamine-depleted striatum. Although interactions between dopamine and glutamate receptor-mediated responses in striatal neu...

The present study investigated the individual contributions of spinal cord N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors to the acoustic startle reflex in rats. The first experiment measured whole body acoustic startle before and after intrathecal infusion of various doses of either the NMD...

FT Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize a set of five newly synthesized 5-nitroquinoxaline derivatives 2,3-disubstituted with 2-pyrrolyl, 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, phenyl and 2-pyridyl groups. Afterwards the 5-nitroquinoxalines were electrochemically reduced to 5-aminoquinoxalines and electropo...

In this study synthesis of Fmoc-aminoacyl-N-ethyl-S-triphenylmethylcysteine, a new N→S acyl migratory device for the preparation of peptide thioesters by Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is described. Condensation of Fmoc-aminoacyl fluoride and N-ethyl-S-triphenylmethylcysteine allyl e...

In present investigation, self-assembled nanomicelles of amphiphilic clotrimazole glycyl-glycine (CLT-GG-SANMs) analogue were customized for augmenting drug delivery, permeability and apoptosis in B16F1 mouse melanoma cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo following intratumoral (i.t.) route of ...