Using the stannylene method, the trisaccharide 2-acetamido-3-O-[6-O-benzyl-β-d-galactopyranosyl]-4-O-[2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-β-d-arabinopyranosyl]-6-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl azide was regioselectively sulfonated and, after reduction of the anomeric azide, coupled to Fmoc α-allyl aspar...
Micro-nutrient application is essential for normal plant growth while a little is known about manganese (Mn)-induced regulations in morpho-physiological attributes, aroma formation and enzyme involved in 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) biosynthesis in aromatic rice. Present study aimed to examine th...
Four simple and sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric methods (I–IV) for the determination of trimetazidine dihydrochloride (TRMZ) have been developed. Method I was based on the oxidation of the drug with alkaline KMnO4 producing green manganate species. Method II was based on the formation of c...
Precipitation and crystallization are unit operations widely used to concentrate and purify proteins in biotechnology industry. In this work, the potential use of the biodegradable salts sodium succinate, sodium tartrate and sodium citrate to reduce the solubility of proteins is investigated. Ly...
BackgroundMany non-immunologic factors contribute to the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), chief among them being ischemia-reperfusion injury associated with oxidative stress. We hypothesized that pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonist, co...
Nicotinamide-containing cofactors are ubiquitous in biological systems. Consequently, numerous assays have been developed to study such systems that involve a variety of derivatives and isotopically labeled forms of these cofactors. Often the nicotinamide ring is labeled at the C-4 position whic...
ObjectiveTo determine the presence of the Ca2+-releasing pyridine nucleotide derivative, cyclic adenine dinucleotide phosphate ribose (cADPR), in human spermatozoa and to investigate its role in progesterone-induced Ca2+ oscillations in spermatozoa.
A new spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of trace amount of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Using europium (Eu3+)–tetracycline (TC) complex as a fluorescent probe, in the buffer solution of pH 7.60. NADP can remarkably enhance the fluorescence int...
Nonradioactive immunoassays incorporating an element of amplification in their detection system require the use of components that are highly purified. Flavin adenine dinucleotide-3′-phosphate (FADP) is the primary substrate used in such an amplification assay. For incorporation into a simple, ...
HPCE was shown to be an effective and convenient method for the determination of nicotinamide—adenine dinucleotide (oxidized, NAD+; reduced, NADH), nicotinamide—adenine dinucleotide phosphate (oxidized, NADP; reduced, NADPH) and their synthetic derivatives. The coenzymes were easily separated ...
The measurement of changes in nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) levels in cells has been, and remains, key to the investigation of the functions of NAADP as a Ca2+-releasing second messenger. Here we provide details of how to isolate NAADP from cells by extraction with perchl...
A total of 1.7 million traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) occur each year in the United States, but available pharmacologic options for the treatment of acute neurotrauma are limited. Oxidative stress is an important secondary mechanism of injury that can lead to neuronal apoptosis and subsequent b...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the metabolites of oxygen that plays a significant role in cell signaling and homeostasis. Under normal conditions, ROS formation is stabilized by various antioxidant defense systems (ROS scavengers). Several studies in both in-vitro and in-vivo models, together...
It is generally believed that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) has been demonstrated to have potent neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress. In the present ...
Perinatal sodium overload induces endothelial dysfunction in adult offspring, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully known. The involvement of tissue renin-angiotensin system on high sodium-programmed endothelial dysfunction was examined.Acetylcholine and angiotensin I and II responses were...
High salt induced renal disease is a condition resulting from the interactions of genetic and dietary factors causing multiple complications. To understand the metabolic alterations associated with renal disease, we comprehensively analyzed the metabonomic changes induced by high salt intake in ...
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is widely applied in the production of fermented foods, where salt stress is a common environmental condition encountered. In this study, salt stress response of Z. rouxii was investigated based on physiological and transcriptomic analyses, and the results showed that Z....
The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α severely perturbs the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). This study explored the specific roles of NADPH oxidase and associated downstream effectors by using human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and human astrocytes (HAs), the key co...
SummarySodium accumulates in the interstitium and promotes inflammation through poorly defined mechanisms. We describe a pathway by which sodium enters dendritic cells (DCs) through amiloride-sensitive channels including the alpha and gamma subunits of the epithelial sodium channel and the sodiu...
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) are events that lead to AKI through hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative stress and apoptosis. We aimed to evaluate the mechanism of nephroprotection mediated by Bisa...
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