The Pd-catalyzed amination of isomeric dibromobiphenyls using linear oxadiamines, tri-, tetra- and pentaamines was carried out. 4,4’-Dibromobiphenyl provided a macrocycle comprising one biphenyl and one oxadiamine unit in tiny yield only with the longest diamine; on contrary, 3,3’-dibromobiphe...

Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) cause a mixed-type induction of liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes. We have shown that 2,2′4,4′,5,5′-hexabromobiphenyl (HBB6), the major component (56%) of PBBs (Firemaster), is strictly a phenobarbital-type inducer, and are examining the effects of oth...

1. Snails were injected with 400 or 800 nmol of bromobenzene (BB) or with 1200 or 1800 nmol 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (2,2'-DCB); these doses were selected after lethality experiments.2. Control snails were not injected, while injection-controls were injected with 5μl polyethyleneglycol, ...

5,5′-Bis-trifluoromethyl-2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl (5,5′CF3-2,2′PCB) is representative of a unique class of trifluoromethyl polychlorinated biphenyls (CF3-PCBs) found in sediments and fish of Lake Ontario, the Niagara river, and their tributaries. The potential hazard of 5,5′CF3-2,2′PCB was as...

A three probe potentiostat was used to control the potential to a catalytic ruthenium oxide anode in oxidation studies of 2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl (2,2′). Voltages applied varied in one volt increments from 2.0 to 4.0 volts. Studies involved determination of the optimum voltage operating in conju...

Density functional calculations of biphenyl, 2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl and 4,4′-dichlorobiphenyl are performed. The geometries and electronic structures of these compounds are reported and the substituent effects of the chlorine atoms and the reactivity of the compounds are discussed. The IR frequ...

The enthalpies of formation (ΔfH298°) of biphenyl, 2,2′- and 4,4′-dichlorobiphenyls were calculated at the B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) level using isodesmic reactions. The values for biphenyl and 4,4′-dichlorobiphenyl are in good agreement with calorimetric values, whereas, the va...

The hairy root culture of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) SNC-9O was exposed to 2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB 4) and 2,6-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB 10) to follow the metabolites produced. The analytical standards of 4-hydroxy-2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl, 5′-hydroxy-2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl, 4-hydroxy-2,6-d...

In this work, thermodynamic and physicochemical properties including (vapor + liquid) equilibria (VLE), density and dynamic viscosity of binary mixtures composed of bromide-based ionic liquid (IL) and water were measured as a function of IL mole fraction in a wide range of temperature. The aqueo...

When heated at 493 K, syn-dodecaisopropyltricyclo[4.2.0.02,5]octasilane (syn-1) isomerizes to anti-dodecaisopropyltricyclo[4.2.0.02,5]octasilane (anti-1); isomerization of anti-1 to syn-1 does not occur at 493 K. Thermodynamic parameters were determined for the one-way isomerization of syn-1 to ...

BackgroundThe major causes of hepatocellular carcinomas are Aflatoxin, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses.Alpha tocopherol and its acetate and succinate esters have each been reported as counteracting cancer development in humans and rodents. We have investigated their salutary effect in both p...

A microemulsion electrokinetic chromatographic method was used to separate fat-soluble vitamins. The separation of retinol, cholecalciferol, and δ- and α-tocopherol was performed using a microemulsion containing 0.75% (v/v) n-heptane, 30 mM bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT), 5% (v/v...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of methyl acetate as a solvent in the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) of crambe seed oil. The extractions were conducted in an experimental apparatus operated in semi-continuous mode and the effects of solvent flow and temperature on the y...

Tocochromanols composition in apple seeds, obtained as a by-product during the fruit salad and juice production, of twelve varieties - seven crab apple (‘Kerr’, ‘Kuku’, ‘Quaker Beauty’, ‘Riku’, ‘Ritika’, ‘Ruti’ and K-8/9-24) and five dessert apples (‘Antej’, ‘Beforest’, ‘Kent’,...

This study aims to examine variations in β-sitosterol and α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol composition and content in sorghum grains with different genotypes and cultivation areas (Wonju and Miryang in Korea). β-Sitosterol content was found to be higher in Wonju sorghum; however, total tocophe...

A rapid methodology by RP-HPLC, 10 min of total analysis time, for the analysis of α-, γ- and δ-tocopherol in vegetable oils, in presence of retinol, retinyl acetate and α-tocopherol acetate was developed. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide 0.1 M/n-propanol 65% (v/v) are used as mobile phase...

Rhazya stricta (R. stricta) known as Harmal is widely distributed in Saudi Arabia and throughout the Middle East. It is used as a medicinal plant in traditional cultures and the seeds are a source of unsaturated oil. In the present study, tocol (tocopherol and tocotrienol), triacylglycerol, and ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the cutaneous penetration and metabolism of the new vitamin E prodrug δ-tocopherol glucoside (δ-TG), as compared to those of common vitamin E acetate, in vitro, both in reconstituted human epidermis and in viable human skin. Better diffusion was observe...

Different forms of tocopherols, together with tocotrienols, are collectively named as vitamin E, and each possesses different degree of medical, biological and physiochemical significance. The main difficulty of separating different forms of tocopherols lay in their highly structural similaritie...

Intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions of α-phenylcinnamic acid isomers were studied in the solution phase by infrared (IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopies and the AM1 semi-empirical method. The solvents were CDCl3 or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the...