The pros and cons of monosodium glutamate (MSG), a common food additive, have been long disputed, whereas the effects of MSG consumption on human intestinal microbiome have not been fully understood. In the present study, metagenomics sequencing was performed to evaluate the effects of MSG on hu...

In response to the lack of authenticated mutagenicity/genotoxicity studies on MSG monohydrate, a series of genotoxicity studies conducted under GLP and according to globally accepted test guidelines (e.g., OECD) was performed. A bacterial reverse mutation test using Salmonella typhimurium (TA100...

An epoxybenzoquinone, 4-hydroxyphenoxypropionic acid, and 2-hydroxy-3-phenyl-3-butenoic acid derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for in vitro inhibition activity against 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (4-HPPD) from pig liver by the spectrophotometric enol-borate metho...

The new series of 5-(2-phenoxybenzyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles, possessing C-3 thio, alkylthio and ethoxy substituents, and 2-amino-5-(2-phenoxybenzyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were designed and synthesized as novel benzodiazepine analogues. Most of them revealed similar to superior binding affinity to the G...

Several rationally designed analogs of 3-fluoro-2-oxo-3-phenylpropionic acid were chemically synthesized, and the reactions of the hydrate form of these compounds with 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase from pig liver as inhibitors were examined. Compounds 14a and 14b were found to be potent co...

In our work, the pH-controlled magnetic solid phase extraction for the determination of paraquat and diquat was introduced firstly. Furthermore, to clarify the mechanism of carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin functionalized magnetic adsorbents, we studied the pH-responsive supramolecular interaction b...

In this study, a fast kinetic sorbent, epichlorohydrin cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose fiber (ECMCF), was developed by using a simple synthetic method. SEM images showed that the ECMCF has a thin fibrous shape (20–90 µm of diameter) with a rough and porous surface, which is beneficial for...

On irradiation of 4-phenoxybut-1-enes substituted with a carbomethoxy group in the arene, only the ortho compound 1 led to notable ortho photocycloaddition, while the meta regioisomer 2 furnished meta and ortho photocycloadducts albeit in low yield, and the para-substituted compound 3 resulted o...

The amphiphilic 5,11,17,23-tetrakis-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-25,26,27,28-tetra(2-hydroxyethoxy)calix[4]arene (1) forms stable monolayers at the air–water interface. The growth of CaCO3 crystals underneath monolayers of 1 is strongly inhibited, in contrast to the corresponding carboxylic acid ...

New di- (2) and tetracarboxylate ligands (4) were prepared on a sulfonylcalix[4]arene platform by O-alkylation of thiacalix[4]arene with ethyl bromoacetate, followed by hydrolysis of the ester function and oxidation of the sulfide bridges. The sulfonyl-based ligands 2 and 4 formed luminescent 1:...

A three-component condensation reaction between an isocyanide, an electron-deficient acetylenic ester and (ethoxycarbonylmethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide efficiently provides fully substituted N-alkyl-2-triphenylphosphoranylidene glutarimides in a one-pot reaction without any activation or mo...

(2-Oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine derivatives 10 were obtained unexpectedly, in stead of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives, by the intermolecular aza-Wittig reaction of methyl 2-(N-triphenylphosphoranylidene)aminonicotinate 3 with aryl isocyanates followed by attempted heterocycli...

Aiming at improving the capacity retention abilities of LiMn2O4/graphite based Li-ion batteries (LIBs) at high temperatures, we report on 2-(triphenylphosphoranylidene) succinic anhydride (TPSA) as a new electrolyte additive. The unit cells with 0.1 wt.% of TPSA achieved a 43% capacity retention...

We report N-(triphenylphosphoranylidene) aniline (TPPA) as a new electrolyte additive for high performance lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) electrodes during high voltage operations. When cycled in the voltage range of 3.0–4.4 V, graphite-LiCoO2 full cells with 0.2 wt% TPPA exhibited 10% increased...

We introduce 2-(triphenylphosphoranylidene) succinic anhydride (TPSA) as a lithium (Li) metal anode surface-stabilizing electrolyte additive for improving the cycle performance of Li metal secondary batteries. We verified that TPSA is readily decomposed on Li metal anodes before the decompositio...

The tandem sequence of the umpolung of α,β-unsaturated esters by an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) followed by annulation is demonstrated. The deoxy-Breslow intermediates are selectively generated from the reaction of NHC with methyl methacrylate, dimethyl itaconate, or methyl crotonate. Subsequ...

The isoquinoline carboxamide derivative 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide (PK11195) has been shown to bind strongly and selectively to the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) binding sites. A series of PK11195 analogues have been synthesized and biolo...

The secretin family is often called the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) family, as PACAP is the ancestral form and secretin is absent in fishes. The secretin family forms a superfamily with the glucagon family. The secretin family consists of PACAP, PACAP-related peptide (...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-related peptide (PRP), also named GHRH-like peptide, was identified as a structurally related peptide of PACAP on the PACAP precursor. PRP and PRP-like peptides were identified in vertebrates and tunicates. Mammalian PRP peptides are 29 aa resid...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor are broadly distributed in the brain, and PACAP is known to work as a multifunctional peptide. However, it is still largely unknown how PACAP affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. In this study, we exami...