Two human cell lysosomal membrane glycoproteins of ∼120 kDa, hLAMP-1 and hLAMP-2, were identified by use of monoclonal antibodies prepared against U937 myelomonocytic leukemia cells or blood mononuclear cells. The two glycoproteins were purified by antibody affinity chromatography and each was ...

Lysosomal membrane glycoproteins are highly glycosylated proteins decorating the luminal surface of lysosomal membranes. Their biosynthetic route from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosomal compartment has been elucidated during recent years. Signals for intracellular sorting have been...

LEP100 (an integral membrane glycoprotein, Mr = 100,000) occurs in three subcellular compartments: lysosome (approximately 90% of the molecules), endosome (5%–8%), and plasma membrane (2%–3%). Rate constants for movement to and from each compartment have been estimated. The movement of LEP-100...

Laminin is a major constituent of the basal lamina surrounding the midgut of the malaria vectors that has been implicated in the development of the Plasmodium oocyst. In this report we describe the cloning of the Anopheles gambiae gene encoding the laminin γ1 polypeptide and follow its expressi...

Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines aim to inhibit the development of malaria parasites in mosquitoes by inducing antibodies targeting surface proteins of sexual stage parasites. We have recently identified PyMiGS, a protein specifically expressed in the osmiophilic body of male gametocytes o...

Early sequencing efforts that produced the genomes of several species of malaria parasites (Plasmodium genus) propelled transcriptomic and proteomic efforts. In this review, we focus upon some of the exciting proteomic advances from studies of Plasmodium parasites over approximately the past dec...

The technical challenges of working with the sexual stages of the malaria parasite Plasmodium have hindered the characterization of sexual stage antigens in the quest for a successful malaria transmission-blocking vaccine. One such predicted and largely uncharacterized group of sexual stage cand...

Malaria in humans is caused by six species of Plasmodium parasites, of which the nuclear genome sequences for the two Plasmodium ovale spp., P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri, and Plasmodium malariae have not yet been analyzed. Here we present an analysis of the nuclear genome sequences of...

P25 is a major surface protein of Plasmodium ookinetes. Antibodies against P25 prevent the formation of oocysts in the mosquito and thereby block transmission of the parasite through an endemic population. Plasmodium vivax transmission-blocking vaccines based on Pv25 have undergone human trials ...

There are multiple stages in the life cycle of Plasmodium that invade host cells. Molecular machinery involved is such host–pathogen interactions constitute excellent drug targets and/or vaccine candidates. A screen using a phage display library has previously demonstrated presence of enolase o...

Anti-malarial transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) aim to inhibit the transmission of Plasmodium from humans to mosquitoes by targeting the sexual/ookinete stages of the parasite. Successful use of such interventions will subsequently result in reduced cases of malarial infection within a human...

With a renewed hope for malaria elimination, interventions that prevent transmission of parasites from humans to mosquitoes have received elevated attention. Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) targeting the sexual stages are well suited for this task. Here, through bioinformatic analysis, we ...

The Plasmodium vivax Ookinete Surface Protein (Pvs25) is one of the leading malaria Transmission-Blocking Vaccine candidates based on its high immunogenicity in animal models, transmission-blocking activity of antibodies elicited in clinical trials and high conservation among P. vivax isolates f...

Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and affects about 7 million people worldwide. Benznidazole and nifurtimox have low efficacy and high toxicity. The present study was designed to identify the trypanocidal effect of (−)-α-Bisabolol (BIS) and investigate its mechanism. Epimastigotes a...

Poly(α-amino acid)s, containing amino acid repeat units, are remarkable biomaterials with similar structures to protein, which are mainly synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis, ring opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides, polymerization of activated urethane derivatives of α-amin...

Zeolite-Y entangled complexes based heterogeneous catalysts of VO(IV), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) and Schiff base ligand HMIMMPP = 4-(((2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)imino)methyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol were prepared. The products were characterized by BET, FTIR, elemental a...

Ti(C,N)-304ss cermets with various rare earth yttrium addition were fabricated via powder metallurgy. Fe and Cr atoms dissolved into Ti(C,N) grains and formed a core-rim structure. The first-principle method was employed to calculate the lattice parameters and elastic modulus of the solid soluti...

A novel photocatalytic cross dehydrogenative coupling reaction of N-aryl glycine esters with N-substituted anilines has been developed. The reaction proceeds effectively using methylene blue as a photocatalyst under visible light irradiation without any metal, chemical oxidant or additive. A var...

Natural, depleted, and low enriched uranium hexafluoride is manufactured and transported on an industrial scale to support commercial nuclear power plant operation. One-way material production and flow is verified by nuclear safeguards inspectorates is by neutron counting. The dominant neutron s...

A comparative study of as-deposited structural properties, oxidation and wear properties of industrially arc-deposited Ti-Al-N, Ti-Al-Y-N, Ti-Al-Ta-N and Ti-Al-Ta-Y-N is presented. In the as-deposited coatings, Ta leads to more compressive stress while Y reduces the compressive stress but increa...