Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 3-bromo-2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)[1,2]selenazolo[2,3-a]pyridinium chloride; dihydrogen peroxide In methanol; water at 20℃; for 0.166667h; | 100% |
With dihydrogen peroxide; sodium iodide In water at 25℃; for 1h; Cooling with ice; | 100% |
With bis(4-methoxyphenyl)telluride; rose bengal In water; isopropyl alcohol at 0℃; for 0.833333h; Irradiation; | 99% |
L-Cysteine
(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-methoxy-phenylmethanesulfinyl)-propionic acid
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 100% |
(R)-9H-fluorenyl-9-methyl-L-cysteine
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With piperidine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 2h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper(II) ion In water at 25℃; Rate constant; var. conc. of Cu2+; | A 100% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.166667h; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 97.9% |
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In water at 20 - 60℃; for 2h; pH=~ 4.0; | 97% |
With ammonia In water at 20 - 60℃; for 0.666667 - 2h; pH=~ 3.0; | 97% |
With ammonia In water at 20 - 80℃; for 2h; pH=~ 2.3 - ~ 3.0; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol; aq. phosphate buffer at 20℃; pH=7.4; | A 95% B 96% C 80% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.166667h; | 95% |
With methoxybenzene; thallium(III) trifluoroacetate In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 86.7% |
With methoxybenzene; thallium(III) trifluoroacetate In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; Product distribution; cleavage various S-protecting groups of cystein; | 86.7% |
S-acetamidomethyl-L-cysteine
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.5h; | 93% |
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.5h; Product distribution; other S-protected cysteines; | 93% |
(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-methoxy-phenylmethanesulfinyl)-propionic acid
H-Cys(Ad)-OH
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 92.4% |
S-(4-methoxybenzyl)-L-cysteine
(R)-2-Amino-3-(4-methoxy-phenylmethanesulfinyl)-propionic acid
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 92.2% |
S-(diphenyl-4-pyridylmethyl)-L-cysteine
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In hydrogenchloride; acetic acid at 0℃; for 0.75h; electrolysis (mercury cathode, 250 mA); | 91% |
S-benzyloxymethylcysteine
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With methoxybenzene; thallium(III) trifluoroacetate In trifluoroacetic acid | 88.8% |
With methoxybenzene; thallium(III) trifluoroacetate In trifluoroacetic acid Product distribution; other reagent; | 88.8% |
S-Trimethylacetamidomethyl-L-cysteine (H-Cys(Tacm)OH)
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.5h; | 88% |
With iodine In acetic acid at 25℃; for 1h; | 83% |
With iodine In acetic acid at 25℃; for 1h; stability of protecting group under various conditions, various reagents, other substrates; | 83% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 86.3% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide In trifluoroacetic acid at 25℃; for 1h; | 85.3% |
N-t-butoxycarbonyl-S-acetamidomethyl-L-cysteine
A
L-cystine
B
S-acetamidomethyl-L-cysteine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene; trifluoroacetic acid at 4℃; for 0.166667h; Product distribution; Mechanism; var. reaction times, silyl chlorides and sulfoxides; other S-protected cystine-peptides; | A 79% B 15% |
S-Benzamidomethyl-L-cystein
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.5h; | 76% |
S-<(4-methylphenyl)methyl>-L-cysteine
L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With Methyltrichlorosilane; 1,1'-sulfinylbisbenzene at 4℃; for 0.166667h; | 49% |
With dimethyl sulfoxide; methoxybenzene; trifluoroacetic acid Ambient temperature; |
(+)-D-glucosamine hydrochloride
A
L-cystine
B
2-(D-arabino-1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(D-erythro-2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)piperazine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With pyridine; l-cysteine hydrochloride In methanol; water for 32h; Heating; | A n/a B 45% |
Boc-Cys(Acm)(O)-OH
phenol
A
L-cystine
B
S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-L-cysteine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride at 110℃; for 24h; | A 16% B 41% |
H-Cys(Acm)(O)-OH
A
L-Cysteine
B
L-Cysteic acid
C
L-cystine
D
S-acetamidomethyl-L-cysteine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ammonia; sodium for 0.00277778h; Product distribution; | A n/a B 19% C 10% D 21% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 20.8% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 15.5% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dimethylsulfide; trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In trifluoroacetic acid at 0℃; for 1h; | 10.5% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
im Organismus der Ratte; |
L-cystine
methyl chloroformate
(R,R)-N,N'-dimethoxycarbonyl-3,3'-dithiobis(2-aminopropionic acid)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; sodium carbonate at 20℃; for 2h; pH=8 - 9; | 100% |
With sodium carbonate In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 16h; | 65% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 20℃; | 100% |
With triethylamine In water Cooling with ice; | 96% |
With triethylamine In water at 20℃; for 2h; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In benzene at 90℃; for 16h; | 100% |
In benzene for 12h; Esterification; Heating; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With chloro-trimethyl-silane | 100% |
With thionyl chloride at 25℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; | 99% |
With thionyl chloride for 20h; Reflux; | 98% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 20℃; | 99% |
Stage #1: L-cystine; benzyl chloroformate With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; for 3.25h; pH=10; Cooling with ice; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In water pH=2; Inert atmosphere; | 98% |
With sodium hydroxide at 0℃; for 4h; | 72% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ethandithiol at 40℃; for 5h; pH=7.5 adjusted with 5 percent NH4OH; | 98.5% |
With ammonia; sodium Reduction; | 90% |
With hydrogenchloride; tin man verduennt die Loesung, befreit sie mit H2S vom Zinn, verdunstet zur Trockne, loest den Rueckstand in Alkohol und faellt vorsichtig mit Ammoniak; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With thionyl chloride for 12.5h; Cooling with ice; | 98% |
With hydrogenchloride man zersetzt das Hydrochlorid mit Natriummethylat; | |
With thionyl chloride | |
With thionyl chloride at 0℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | |
With thionyl chloride at 0℃; for 12h; Reflux; | 12.4 g |
L-cystine
chloroformic acid ethyl ester
(R,R)-N,N'-diethoxycarbonyl-3,3'-dithiobis(2-aminopropionic acid)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; sodium carbonate at 20℃; for 1.5h; pH=8 - 9; | 98% |
With sodium hydroxide | 98% |
L-cystine
(fluorenylmethoxy)carbonyl chloride
N,N'-bis[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]-L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium carbonate In 1,4-dioxane; water at 10 - 20℃; for 2h; | 98% |
Stage #1: L-cystine With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran; water pH=10; Stage #2: (fluorenylmethoxy)carbonyl chloride In tetrahydrofuran; water at 0℃; for 3h; pH=10; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In perchloric acid mixing stoich. amts. of metal (in H2O) and ligand (in 0.2 M HClO4), pH adjustment to 7-8 with NaOH (boiling, pptn.); filtration, washing (H2O, EtOH, ether); elem. anal.; | 97.7% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In perchloric acid mixing stoich. amts. of metal (in H2O) and ligand (in 0.2 M HClO4), pH adjustment to 7-8 with NaOH (room temp., pptn.); filtration, washing (H2O, EtOH, ether); elem. anal.; | 96% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In perchloric acid mixing stoich. amts. of metal (in H2O) and ligand (in 0.2 M HClO4), pH adjustment to 7-8 with NaOH (room temp., pptn.); filtration, washing (H2O, EtOH, ether); elem. anal.; | 95.2% |
L-cystine
benzyl pyridin-2-yl carbonate
N,N'-bis(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With triethylamine In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 1h; Ambient temperature; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide; water; sodium carbonate at 20℃; for 48h; Acylation; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In perchloric acid mixing stoich. amts. of metal (in H2O) and ligand (in 0.2 M HClO4), pH adjustment to 7-8 with NaOH (room temp., pptn.); filtration, washing (H2O, EtOH, ether); elem. anal.; | 95% |
With NaHCO3 In water treatment of aq. soln. of L-cystine with NaHCO3 soln., heating with Pb(II) salts at 50-60°C in water bath for about 1/2 h; cooling, crystn. at room temp., filtration, washing with cold H2O, drying over silica gel in a desiccator; elem. anal.; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride; sulfuric acid; hydrogen bromide In water at 45℃; electrolysis (graphite sheets, i = 0.5 A/cm2); | A 94% B n/a |
With hydrogenchloride; sulfuric acid; hydrogen bromide In water at 45℃; Product distribution; Mechanism; paired electrosynthesis (graphite sheets, i = 0.5 A/cm2); | A n/a B 94% |
With hydrogenchloride at 40℃; Electrolysis; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium hydroxide In perchloric acid mixing stoich. amts. of metal (in H2O) and ligand (in 0.2 M HClO4), pH adjustment to 7-8 with NaOH (boiling, pptn.); filtration, washing (H2O, EtOH, ether); elem. anal.; | 94% |
L-cystine
N-(9H-fluoren-2-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide
N,N'-bis[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]-L-cystine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sodium carbonate In water; acetone at 50℃; | 94% |
With sodium carbonate In tetrahydrofuran; water at 20℃; Cooling with ice; |
1. Introduction of L-Cystine
L-Cystine, with the IUPAC Name of (2R)-2-amino-3-[(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-oxopropyl]disulfanylpropanoic acid, is one kind of white crystalline powder. Stability: For being stable in the normal condition, it is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, and this chemical belongs to the Product Categories which include Food and Feed Additive; Amino Acids; Amino Acid Derivatives; Cysteine [Cys, C]; Nutritional Supplements; L-Amino Acids; Amino Acids.
2. Properties of L-Cystine
L-Cystine has the following property datas: (1)Melting Point: >240 °C (dec.)(lit.); (2)Surface Tension: 88.2 dyne/cm ; (3)Density: 1.571 g/cm3 ; (4)Flash Point: 237 °C ; (5)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 80.02 kJ/mol ; (6)Boiling Point: 468.2 °C at 760 mmHg ; (7)Vapour Pressure: 4.62E-10 mmHg at 25°C ; (8)Water Solubility: 0.112 g/L (25 °C).
3. Structure Descriptors of L-Cystine
You could convert the following datas into the molecular structure:
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H12N2O4S2/c7-3(5(9)10)1-13-14-2-4(8)6(11)12/h3-4H,1-2,7-8H2,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)/t3-,4-/m0/s1
InChIKey: InChIKey=LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N
Smiles: C([C@@H](C(O)=O)N)SSC[C@@H](C(O)=O)N
4. Toxicity of L-Cystine
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | > 961mg/kg (961mg/kg) | Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 94, Pg. 1419, 1974. | |
rat | LDLo | oral | 25gm/kg (25000mg/kg) | Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 15, Pg. 199, 1978. |
5. Safety Information of L-Cystine
Hazard Codes: Xi
Risk Statements: 36/37/38
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety Statements: 26-36-24/25
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing.
S24/25:Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
RIDADR: 2811
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: HA2690000
Hazard Note: Irritant
PackingGroup: III
HS Code: 29309014
6. Use of L-Cystine
Cystine (CAS NO.56-89-3) can be mainly used for various disease alopecia. Also it can be used for dysentery, typhoid, influenza and other acute infectious diseases, asthma, neuralgia, eczema and various diseases, such as poisoning, and protein structure to maintain the role. It is also used as a food flavoring agent.
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