Product Name

  • Name

    Retinol palmitate

  • EINECS 201-228-5
  • CAS No. 79-81-2
  • Article Data19
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 0.92 g/cm3
  • Solubility Soluble in chloroform, ether, and vegetable oils. Insoluble in water.
  • Melting Point 2-8 °C
  • Formula C36H60O2
  • Boiling Point 607.5 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 524.871
  • Flash Point 79.7 °C
  • Transport Information
  • Appearance
  • Safety 53-23-36/37/39-45-36/37
  • Risk Codes 63
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 79-81-2 (Retinol palmitate)
  • Hazard Symbols ToxicT,HarmfulXn
  • Synonyms Retinolpalmitate (6CI,7CI);Retinol, palmitate, all-trans- (8CI);250S/N;250S/N-B;Aquapalm;Aquasol A;Arovit;Arovit (Roche);Axerophthol palmitate;DispatabsTabs;Lutavit A 500 Plus;Optovit A;Palmitic acid, ester withretinol;Retinyl palmitate;Testavol S;VAP 250CK-CWD;VAP 250MS-CWD;Vitamin Apalmitate;Vitazyme A;all-trans-Retinol palmitate;all-trans-Vitamin A palmitate;trans-Retinyl palmitate;Vitamin A palmitate;
  • PSA 26.30000
  • LogP 11.54250

Synthetic route

RETINOL
68-26-8

RETINOL

n-hexadecanoyl chloride
112-67-4

n-hexadecanoyl chloride

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In toluene at 35℃; for 1h;99%
With pyridine In 1,2-dichloro-ethane
palmitic anhydride
623-65-4

palmitic anhydride

RETINOL
68-26-8

RETINOL

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With aluminum oxide In Petroleum ether at 40℃; for 2h; Solvent;97.62%
hexadecanoic acid methyl ester
112-39-0

hexadecanoic acid methyl ester

Retinol acetate
127-47-9

Retinol acetate

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide In methanol at 55℃; under 11.2511 - 16.5017 Torr; for 3h; Concentration; Pressure; Large scale;96%
hexadecanoic acid methyl ester
112-39-0

hexadecanoic acid methyl ester

RETINOL
68-26-8

RETINOL

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 60℃; under 0.750075 Torr; for 3h; Temperature; Large scale;94%
4-palmitoyloxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-al

4-palmitoyloxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-al

5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexenyl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienyltriphenylphosphonium bromide
62285-98-7

5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexenyl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadienyltriphenylphosphonium bromide

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium ethanolate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at -5 - 5℃; for 3h; Wittig Olefination; Inert atmosphere;91.3%
4-palmitoyloxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-al

4-palmitoyloxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-al

[(2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)penta-2,4-dienyl]triphenylphosphonium chloride
53282-28-3

[(2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)penta-2,4-dienyl]triphenylphosphonium chloride

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hydroxide In isopropyl alcohol at 5 - 20℃; for 2h; Wittig Olefination; Inert atmosphere;90.8%
diethyl 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienylphosphonate
186194-14-9

diethyl 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienylphosphonate

2-methyl-4-palmitoyloxy-2-butenal

2-methyl-4-palmitoyloxy-2-butenal

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: diethyl 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienylphosphonate With sodium t-butanolate In toluene at 0℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;
Stage #2: 2-methyl-4-palmitoyloxy-2-butenal In toluene for 3h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Inert atmosphere;		89%
Retinol acetate
127-47-9

Retinol acetate

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid
57-10-3

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid

A

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

B

RETINOL
68-26-8

RETINOL

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Novozyme 435 (from Candida antarctica immobilized on acrylic resin); Amberlyst A-21 In toluene at 20℃; for 15h; Product distribution / selectivity; Enzymatic reaction;A 78%
B n/a
...Expand
pyridine
110-86-1

pyridine

RETINOL
68-26-8

RETINOL

n-hexadecanoyl chloride
112-67-4

n-hexadecanoyl chloride

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1,2-dichloro-ethane
...Expand
pyridine
110-86-1

pyridine

(+/-)-9-palmitoyloxy-3.7-dimethyl-1-(2.2.6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-(6)-yl)-nonatrien-(2ξ.5c.7c)-ol-(4)

(+/-)-9-palmitoyloxy-3.7-dimethyl-1-(2.2.6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-(6)-yl)-nonatrien-(2ξ.5c.7c)-ol-(4)

toluene
108-88-3

toluene

trichlorophosphate
10025-87-3, 12599-09-6, 63736-95-8

trichlorophosphate

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 90 - 95℃;
...Expand
(+/-)-9-palmitoyloxy-3.7-dimethyl-1-(2.2.6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-(6)-yl)-nonatrien-(2ξ.5c.7c)-ol-(4)

(+/-)-9-palmitoyloxy-3.7-dimethyl-1-(2.2.6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-(6)-yl)-nonatrien-(2ξ.5c.7c)-ol-(4)

iodine
7553-56-2

iodine

petroleum ether

petroleum ether

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

...Expand
4-palmitoyloxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-al

4-palmitoyloxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-al

3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,4-pentadienylphosphonic acid,diethyl ester
128759-92-2

3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,4-pentadienylphosphonic acid,diethyl ester

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium t-butanolate In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene
Retinol acetate
127-47-9

Retinol acetate

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid
57-10-3

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Candida sp.99-125 lipase immobilized on SBA-15 In hexane at 30℃; for 6h; Enzymatic reaction;75.2 %Chromat.
With novozyme 435 In toluene at 20℃; for 20h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Enzymatic reaction;
farnesyl alcohol
82010-11-5

farnesyl alcohol

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: TEMPOL; copper(l) chloride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 2 h / 30 °C
2.1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / toluene / 0.5 h / 50 °C
3.1: sulfuric acid / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 0 - 5 °C
4.1: triphenylphosphine / methanol / 1 h / 45 °C
4.2: 1 h / 45 °C
5.1: toluene / 1 h / 35 °C
View Scheme
(2E)-farnesal
80442-43-9

(2E)-farnesal

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone / toluene / 0.5 h / 50 °C
2.1: sulfuric acid / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 0 - 5 °C
3.1: triphenylphosphine / methanol / 1 h / 45 °C
3.2: 1 h / 45 °C
4.1: toluene / 1 h / 35 °C
View Scheme
(2E,4E,6Z)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-dodeca-2,4,6,10-tetraenal
13832-89-8, 64197-46-2, 74284-77-8, 83378-81-8, 83378-82-9, 83378-83-0, 83378-84-1

(2E,4E,6Z)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-dodeca-2,4,6,10-tetraenal

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1.1: sulfuric acid / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 0 - 5 °C
2.1: triphenylphosphine / methanol / 1 h / 45 °C
2.2: 1 h / 45 °C
3.1: toluene / 1 h / 35 °C
View Scheme
(2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienal
3917-41-7

(2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienal

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1.1: triphenylphosphine / methanol / 1 h / 45 °C
1.2: 1 h / 45 °C
2.1: toluene / 1 h / 35 °C
View Scheme
2-(bromomethyl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene
59633-88-4

2-(bromomethyl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: hexane / 4 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
3.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
4.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
5.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: hexane / 4 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
3.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
4.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
5.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
C28H32P(1+)*Cl(1-)

C28H32P(1+)*Cl(1-)

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / -5 - 10 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
2.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
3.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / -5 - 10 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
2.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
3.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
diethyl [(2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)methyl]phosphonate

diethyl [(2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexyl)methyl]phosphonate

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: sodium methylate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 0 - 15 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
2.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
3.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: sodium methylate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 0 - 15 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
2.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
3.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
triphenyl((2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)methyl)phosphonium bromide
56013-01-5

triphenyl((2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)methyl)phosphonium bromide

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
2.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
3.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
2.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
3.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
3-methyl-5-acetoxy-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-pentadiene
3917-38-2

3-methyl-5-acetoxy-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-pentadiene

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
1.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
2.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
1.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
2.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-3-methyl-1-chloro-penta-2,4-diene
55732-70-2

5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-3-methyl-1-chloro-penta-2,4-diene

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
2: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
3-methyl-5-bromo-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-pentadiene
38987-92-7

3-methyl-5-bromo-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-1,3-pentadiene

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
2: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol
78-70-6

3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1.1: hydrogen bromide; sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 2 h / 30 - 35 °C / Inert atmosphere
1.2: 2 h / 35 - 40 °C
2.1: hexane / 4 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
4.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
5.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
6.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1.1: hydrogen bromide; sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 2 h / 30 - 35 °C / Inert atmosphere
1.2: 2 h / 35 - 40 °C
2.1: hexane / 4 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 1 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
4.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
5.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
6.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1.1: sodium hydroxide; thionyl chloride / 1,2-dichloro-ethane; water / 3 h / 40 - 45 °C
1.2: 5 h / 70 - 75 °C
2.1: acetonitrile / 4 h / 60 - 65 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / -5 - 10 °C / Inert atmosphere
4.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
4.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
5.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
6.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
1,3,3-trimethyl-2-chloromethylcyclohexene

1,3,3-trimethyl-2-chloromethylcyclohexene

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: acetonitrile / 4 h / 60 - 65 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / -5 - 10 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
3.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
4.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
5.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: acetonitrile / 4 h / 60 - 65 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 5 h / -5 - 10 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
3.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
4.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
5.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: 4 h / 105 - 110 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium methylate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 0 - 15 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: potassium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 10 - 15 °C
3.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
4.1: isopropyl alcohol / 5 h / 55 - 60 °C / Inert atmosphere
5.1: potassium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol / 2 h / 5 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1.1: 4 h / 105 - 110 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: sodium methylate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 1 h / 0 - 15 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium hydroxide / water; dichloromethane / 3 h / 15 - 20 °C
3.2: 3 h / 20 - 25 °C
4.1: acetonitrile / 5 h / 50 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
5.1: sodium ethanolate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / -5 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid
57-10-3

1-hexadecylcarboxylic acid

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1.1: magnesium chloride; di-tert-butyl dicarbonate / ethyl acetate / 5 h / 25 - 35 °C
2.1: selenium(IV) oxide; tert.-butylhydroperoxide / 18 h / 25 - 30 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium t-butanolate / toluene / 0.5 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.2: 3 h / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol
556-82-1

3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol

retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1.1: magnesium chloride; di-tert-butyl dicarbonate / ethyl acetate / 5 h / 25 - 35 °C
2.1: selenium(IV) oxide; tert.-butylhydroperoxide / 18 h / 25 - 30 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium t-butanolate / toluene / 0.5 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.2: 3 h / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

retinol
68-26-8, 2052-63-3, 6018-74-2, 17706-49-9, 22737-96-8, 22737-97-9, 29444-25-5, 34218-73-0, 39815-04-8, 69686-68-6, 69686-69-7, 74743-94-5, 84415-27-0, 84415-28-1, 85354-09-2, 85354-10-5, 93380-02-0, 98462-62-5, 137121-52-9

retinol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hydroxide In ethanol; isopropyl alcohol at 90℃; for 1.25h;90%
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

Hexadecanoic acid 2-hexadecanoyloxymethyl-3,6-dimethyl-5-[(1Z,3E)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-buta-1,3-dienyl]-6-[(1E,3E,5E)-4-methyl-6-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-hexa-1,3,5-trienyl]-cyclohex-3-enylmethyl ester

Hexadecanoic acid 2-hexadecanoyloxymethyl-3,6-dimethyl-5-[(1Z,3E)-2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-buta-1,3-dienyl]-6-[(1E,3E,5E)-4-methyl-6-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-hexa-1,3,5-trienyl]-cyclohex-3-enylmethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 80℃; for 120h; Kinetics; Further Variations:; Solvents; Temperatures; Dimerization;
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

13-cis-retinoic acid
4759-48-2

13-cis-retinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinoic-acid
302-79-4

all-trans-retinoic-acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

ethyl retinoate
3899-20-5, 51249-34-4, 59699-82-0, 85354-08-1, 86708-67-0, 86708-68-1, 86708-69-2, 86708-70-5

ethyl retinoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

20,14-retro-Retinoic acid
138093-35-3

20,14-retro-Retinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) n-BuLi, diisopropylamine / 1.) THF, hexane, 0 deg C, 10 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

14-ethyl-20,14-retro-retinoic acid
138093-38-6

14-ethyl-20,14-retro-retinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

14-isopropyl-20,14-retro-retinoic acid
138093-39-7

14-isopropyl-20,14-retro-retinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

methyl 14-ethyl-20,14-retro-retinoate
138093-44-4

methyl 14-ethyl-20,14-retro-retinoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 77 percent / diethyl ether / 20 h / 0 °C
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

methyl 14-isopropyl-20,14-retro-retinoate
138093-45-5

methyl 14-isopropyl-20,14-retro-retinoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 89 percent / diethyl ether / 0.5 h / 0 °C
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

13-cis-14-Ethylretinoic acid
138231-98-8

13-cis-14-Ethylretinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 77 percent / diethyl ether / 20 h / 0 °C
6: 1.) MeONa, 2.) 10percent aq. KOH / 1.) MeOH, reflux, 7 h, 2.) EtOH, reflux
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

14-Ethylretinoic acid
138093-41-1

14-Ethylretinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 77 percent / diethyl ether / 20 h / 0 °C
6: 1.) MeONa, 2.) 10percent aq. KOH / 1.) MeOH, reflux, 7 h, 2.) EtOH, reflux
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

13-cis-14-Isopropylretinoic acid
138231-99-9

13-cis-14-Isopropylretinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 89 percent / diethyl ether / 0.5 h / 0 °C
6: 1.) NaH, 2.) 20percent aq. KOH, 18-crown-6 / 1.) DMF, 50 deg C, 90 min, 2.) EtOH, reflux
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

14-Isopropylretinoic acid
138093-42-2

14-Isopropylretinoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 89 percent / diethyl ether / 0.5 h / 0 °C
6: 1.) NaH, 2.) 20percent aq. KOH, 18-crown-6 / 1.) DMF, 50 deg C, 90 min, 2.) EtOH, reflux
View Scheme
retinyl palmitate
79-81-2

retinyl palmitate

(2Z,4E,6E,8E)-2-Ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid methyl ester
138232-01-6

(2Z,4E,6E,8E)-2-Ethyl-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid methyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps
1: 90 percent / aq. 10percent KOH / propan-2-ol; ethanol / 1.25 h / 90 °C
2: 58 percent / MnO2, NaCN / acetonitrile; acetic acid / 62 h / 20 °C
3: 77 percent / aq. 5percent KOH / ethanol / 0.5 h / Heating
4: 1.) lithium diisopropylamide, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, hexane, -70 deg C, 45 min
5: 77 percent / diethyl ether / 20 h / 0 °C
6: MeONa / methanol / 7 h / Heating
View Scheme

Retinol palmitate Chemical Properties

Molecular structure of Vitamin A palmitate (CAS NO.79-81-2) is:

Product Name: Vitamin A palmitate
CAS Registry Number: 79-81-2
IUPAC Name: [(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] hexadecanoate
Molecular Weight: 524.8604 [g/mol]
Molecular Formula: C36H60O2
XLogP3: 13.6
H-Bond Donor: 0
H-Bond Acceptor: 2 
EINECS: 201-228-5
Melting Point: 2-8°C
Surface Tension: 35.1 dyne/cm
Density: 0.92 g/cm3
Flash Point: 79.7 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 90.28 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 607.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 1.05E-14 mmHg at 25°C
Product Categories: Vitamins and derivatives

Retinol palmitate Uses

 Vitamin A palmitate (CAS NO.79-81-2) is a synthetic alternate for retinyl acetate in vitamin A supplements, and is available in oily or dry forms. It is also a constituent of some topically-applied skin care products. Palmitate is an antioxidant and a vitamin A compound added to low fat milk and other dairy products to replace the vitamin content lost through the removal of milk fat. Palmitate is attached to the alcohol form of vitamin A, retinol, in order to make vitamin A stable in milk.

Retinol palmitate Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 4760mg/kg (4760mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"		 Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation, see PONCAU. Vol. 25(12), Pg. 84, 1979.
mouse LD50 oral 6060mg/kg (6060mg/kg)   Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. Vol. 6, Pg. 652, 1982.
rat LD50 oral 7910mg/kg (7910mg/kg)   Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. Vol. 6, Pg. 652, 1982.

Retinol palmitate Safety Profile

Hazard Codes: ToxicT, HarmfulXn
Risk Statements: 63 
R63:Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
Safety Statements: 53-23-36/37/39-45-36/37 
S53:Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. 
S23:Do not breathe vapour. 
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. 
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: VH6860000
F: 8-10-23

Retinol palmitate Specification

 Vitamin A palmitate , its cas register number is 79-81-2. It also can be called Retinol palmitate ; Retinol, hexadecanoate ; Retinyl palmitate ; Retinol, all-trans-, palmitate ; Optovit-A ; Retinol, palmitate, all-trans- .

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