This work examines the transient response of an anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor to an overload of propylene glycol (PG), the primary component in aircraft de-icing waste. Under favorable operating conditions, PG was converted to n-propanol (n-PrOH) and propionate (HPr), and subsequently n-PrO...

The kinetics of carbonylation of n-propanol and n-butanol using homogeneous Rh complex catalyst is reported here. The effects of RhCl3 · 3H2O, hydroiodic acid and alcohol concentrations, CO pressure and temperature on the overall carbonylation rate have been investigated. In n-propanol carbonyl...

n-Propanol formation and consumption during ethanol oxidation by anaerobic brewery granules was investigated. The granules were taken from an UASB reactor fed with a synthetic brewery waste water. Ethanol degradation assays and an isotopic assay using 13C-labeled ethanol and bicarbonate were per...

Enzymatic hydrolysis of casein to produce free amino acids by papain was performed in a kind of novel two-phase system, which was composed of n-propanol, NaCl and water. The phase diagram of the two-phase system was plotted. In this system, top phase contained more n-propanol and bottom phase co...

Hollow CuO fibers were successfully fabricated using a facile solution combustion method by incorporating cotton fibers as biotemplate. XRD patterns along with Rietveld refinement confirm the formation of CuO with monoclinic phase. The length of the as-synthesized CuO fibers is at micrometer sca...

Syngas fermentation to fuels is a technology on the verge of commercialization. Low cost of fermentation medium is important for process feasibility. The use of corn steep liquor (CSL) instead of yeast extract (YE) in Alkalibaculum bacchi strain CP15 bottle fermentations reduced the medium cost ...

Three undescribed natural products, the anthranilic acid derivatives laccanthrilic acids A, B, and C, as well as the known (3S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid were isolated from fruiting bodies of Laccaria laccata. The structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscop...

The oxidation of ondansetron by permanganate in aqueous sulfuric acid medium has been investigated spectrophotometrically under the pseudo-first order condition at 25 °C and at constant ionic strength, I = 0.60 mol dm−3. The reaction between ondansetron and permanganate in acid medium exhibits ...

A series of nineteen nitrogen-containing lupane triterpenoids was obtained by modification of C2, C3, C20 and C28 positions of betulonic acid and their α-glucosidase inhibiting activity was investigated. Being a leader compound from our previous study, 2,3-indolo-betulinic acid was used as the ...

Seven new bismuth(III) complexes derived from indole-carboxylic acids have been synthesised: five are homoleptic; [Bi(IAA)3] B1, [Bi(IPA)3] B2, [Bi(IBA)3] B3, [Bi(MICA)3] B4, [Bi(IGA)3] B6, and two are heteroleptic [BiPh(MICA)2] B5 (where IAA-H = 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid, IPA-H = 3-(1H-indol...

The synthesis and characterization of the complexes CuX2L2 {where X=CH3CHClCOO−, CH3CCl2COO− or ClCH2CHClCOO−, and L=nicotinamide (na), isonicotinamide (ina) or methyl-3-pyridylcarbamate (mpc)} are reported. Characterization of the compounds was based on elemental analysis, IR, electronic and EP...

Currently, there is increasing interest in assessing the potential of bacterial laccases for industrial and environmental applications especially in harsh conditions. The environmental impact of the textile industry requires novel and effective technologies to mitigate the presence of dyes in wa...

Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1500 was isolated from soil of a dairy wastewater treatment plant and selected as the most active azo dye degrader of 19 isolates. Growing cells and freely suspended cells of this strain completely degraded methyl orange, thereby decolorizing the medium. The strain stoi...

Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. The addition of chitosan resulted in a relatively rough texture of the composite compared with bentonite. XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is hig...

Apart from nicotine, the identity and levels of the ingredients of electronic cigarette liquids are typically not available to consumers. Herein we have identified and quantified synthetic dye additives used in e-liquids. Tartrazine, Brilliant Blue FCF and Allura Red AC were found in six randoml...

Water pollution by wastewater containing dyes is an environmental issue that can be mitigated by the use of advanced oxidation processes (AOP). Pulsed light (PL) is an emerging food processing technology that uses eco-friendly lamps and can potentially be adapted as light source of an UV-based A...

A reactive dyeing system is designed based on controllable chemical potential difference between the external and internal phases for minimal discharge of pollutants. Conventional aqueous reactive dyeing is widely used for cotton, generating large quantities of wastewater containing high concent...

The melting process of polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG 1500) adjacent to a hot vertical wall in a rectangular enclosure is investigated experimentally. Polyethylene glycol 1500 was selected because its melting temperature is >44 °C making it a suitable candidate as lagging material to prevent wax...

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) experiments revealed that the chain length and evaporation rate of alkane deposition solvents altered 4-fluorobenzoic acid (4FBA) adsorption. 4FBA did not dissociate in the multilayer with the fast-evaporating n-pentane deposition solvent. However, wi...

The ν(CO) and νop(CO)2 modes for 4-x benzoic acids in CHCl3 and/or CCl4 solutions decrease in frequency as the σp values for the 4-x atoms or groups decrease in value while the ν(OH) mode increases in frequency. Different complexes are formed between the CO2H and (CO2H)2 groups as the mo...