AimsTo investigate the local antinociceptive effect as well as the possible mechanisms of action of a novel analogue of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)hexadecanamide (HD) in the rat formalin test.

Experiments were carried out under controlled environmental conditions to compare the dose response of isoproturon to resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes ofPhalaris minorand wheat and the effect of the cytochrome P-450 inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), on the efficacy of isoproturon. Q...

The effects of modified heavy metal (HM) availability on the microbial community structure and on the microbe-mediated degradation of herbicide isoproturon (IPU) were evaluated in soil with a long-term HM contamination. The fate of 14C-ring labelled IPU was investigated for over 60 days under co...

The plant metabolism of the phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (IPU) was studied in aseptic cell suspension cultures of soybean and wheat. After incubation with the14C-labeled herbicide (1 ppm) over 48 h, total metabolic rates were 45–54%. The predominant metabolites in soybean were identified as...

A comparative study of the fate of the herbicide isoproturon using two different water/sediment systems, a small-scale laboratory system and a large-scale system (microcosm), was carried out in order to obtain information about possibilities for investigation and the applicability of the test re...

The community response of indigenous sandstone, chalk and limestone groundwater microorganisms to the addition of the commonly used herbicide isoproturon was examined. The addition of 100 μg l−1 isoproturon generally caused an increase in species diversity determined by chemotaxonomic analysis ...

Degradation, bioaccumulation and volatile loss of the 14C-labeled phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (IPU) was examined in a freshwater microcosm with the free floating macrophyte species Lemna minor during a 21-day exposure time. Isoproturon volatilisation was very low with 0.13 ± 0.01% of the i...

When exposed to the herbicide isoproturon, some soil fungi in pure culture metabolize the substance to hydroxylated metabolites. Hydroxylated metabolites of isoproturon have also been detected in soil studies. In an agricultural soil not previously exposed to isoproturon we found that the hydrox...

There is considerable current interest in using biochar (BC) as a soil amendment to sequester carbon to mitigate climate change. However, the implications of adding BC to agricultural soil for the environmental fate of pesticides remain unclear. In particular, the effect of biochars on desorptio...

The potential for herbicide degradation in an unconfined chalk aquifer was examined by collecting and spiking fresh samples and incubating them in the laboratory. The microcosms were incubated at 20°C under aerobic conditions and spiked with either isoproturon, atrazine or mecoprop at a concent...

Isoproturon (IPU) is a herbicide widely used to prevent weeds in cereal production. Due to its extensive use in agriculture, residues of IPU are often detected in soils and crops. Overload of IPU to crops is associated with human health risks. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop an approac...

This paper presents voltammetric (linear-sweep cyclic voltammetry) and chronoamperometric studies on the electroreduction of 3,5,6-trichloro-4-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid (3CMPA) on mercury and carbon electrodes. The dissociation constants of 3CMPA were obtained from UV–vis spectra. The pK...

From oxazinones 4, precursors for pyridine o-quinodimethane analogues are made accessible via cycloaddition with 1,4-dichloro-2-butyne and propargyl chloride. Subsequent 1,4-elimination of the polyfunctional o-bis(chloromethyl)-pyridines affords both 2,3- and 3,4-dimethylene compounds, which are...

A series of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl containing 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (10 and 11) were synthesized by POCl3 cyclization of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluorobenzoyl hydrazide (4) and 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)cinchoninyl hydrazide (8) with aryloxyacetic acids (9). The structures of newly synthesized comp...

Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) inhibit repair of damaged DNA and thus potentiate radiotherapy and chemotherapy of cancer. 3-Substituted benzamides and 5-substituted isoquinolin-1-ones have been synthesised and evaluated for inhibition of PARP. Reduction of 3-(bromoacetyl)benzami...

This paper firstly describes an efficient and regioselective method for the synthesis of a new series of 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-[4-methoxy-spiro(2H-chromen-2,1′-cycloalkane)-3-yl]ethanones from spiro[chroman-2,1′-cycloalkan]-4-ones (Kabbe's adduct). Yields of 38–61% were obtained when trifluo...

This work describes advances in the study of the internal condensation of ammonium salts of N-acylsulfonamides. N-Acyltrifluoromethanesulfonamides show considerable advantages over the non fluorinated analogues by virtue of their higher reactivity and acidity. The reaction chemoselectivity has b...

The interaction of some Schiff bases with Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied by microcalorimetry. Flow microcalorimetry is shown to yield accurate and precise measurements of the bioactivities of the study compounds. In addition, it has allowed the establishment of a structure-activity re...

ABSTRACTUsing the water eliminated mechanism, reactions of 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrazide and salicylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, and formaldehyde afforded the corresponding N4[(E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl) methylidene] (NHPM), N4-[(E)-2-phenylethylidene] (NPI), N4[(E,2E)-3-phenyl-2-pr...

UV–Visible absorption spectra of 5-(3-phenyl-2-propenylidene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinones (5pR-PPTT, R = H, CH3, CH3O, and N(CH3)2) were measured in different solvents and investigated using the theoretical PCM-TD-DFT scheme. A benchmark evaluation against experimental results on the accuracy of...