Cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 with spinel-like structure, modified with different contents of Hf(IV), was synthesized by a sol-gel method using propylene oxide as a gelating agent. The impact of the Hf(IV) content on the physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts and on the oxidation of ethyl ace...

While monitoring for the seasonal occurrence of the tea tortrix moth, Homona magnanima Diakonoff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a number of Neocalyptis angustilineata (Walsingham) were attracted to traps baited with H. magnanima attractant, a 9:1 blend of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14Ac) and ...

The flavonol myricetin, reacts with oxygen-centred galvinoxyl radicals 28 times faster than d-α-tocopherol (vitamin E), the main lipid-soluble antioxidant in biological membranes. Moreover, each myricetin molecule reduces twice as many such radicals as vitamin E. However, myricetin fails to pro...

Combinations of new antidepressants like duloxetine and second-generation antipsychotics like quetiapine are used in clinical treatment of major depressive disorder, as well as in forensic toxicology scenarios. The drug–drug interaction (DDI) between quetiapine and duloxetine is worthy of atten...

Duloxetine hydrochloride, a secondary amine containing pharmaceutical, currently marketed as Cymbalta™, is shown to undergo N-formylation as an artifact of sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis for impurities. The reaction was discovered as a result of an investigation into variability in th...

Background & Aims: Duloxetine hydrochloride was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in August 2004 for the treatment of major depressive disorder and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Initial product labeling contained a precaution regarding the risk for increases in liver function ...

Duloxetine holds a special promise as an antidepressant, and its effect depends on its binding to human serum albumin (HSA). For this reason, the binding mechanism of duloxetine with HSA was investigated. The specific binding site in HSA was identified and binding constants were determined. Dulo...

The fluorescence characteristics of duloxetine hydrochloride are studied in this paper. The fluorescence emission spectra of duloxetine demonstrate that intramolecular charge-transfer takes place between thiophene ring and napthalenyloxy group upon irradiation. The effects of excitation light, s...

The main purpose of the present study was to prepare duloxetine hydrochloride (DXH) enteric-coated pellets using different enteric polymers. Three layers (drug-loaded layer, barrier layer, and enteric-coated layer) were applied to the inert core pellets, successively. The optimal formulation was...

The objective of the study was to develop and validate an analytical method for estimating the stability of duloxetine hydrochloride. The drug was subjected to the stress conditions prescribed by the International Conference on Harmonization, including hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and dry h...

Duloxetine hydrochloride (DH) is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SSNRI) indicated for the treatment of depression. Duloxetine suffers from reduced oral bioavailability (≈50%) due to hepatic metabolism. DH buccoadhesive lyophilized tablets were prepared adopting the solvent castin...

Almost twenty years after the crystal polymorphism of tazofelone was first studied at Lilly, the compound was revisited by calculating the crystal energy landscape and complementing the calculations with experimental work for calibration purposes. The crystal structure prediction study confirmed...

The structure of (1α, 2β, 4β, 5α, 7β)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl) oxy]-9,9-dimethyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo [3.3.1.02,4] nonane bromide monohydrate was studied using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Complete NMR assignments of the compound were obtained using DEPT, H–H COSY, as well as HMQC and...

Infusion of oxytocin (OT) into normal dogs, in doses which produced plasma levels of OT in the physiological range, has been shown to increase plasma levels of glucose, insulin and glucagon and increase rates of glucose production and uptake. This study sought to determine whether there was a co...

The peptide backbone conformation and salient structural details of oxytocin were examined by laser Raman spectroscopy. Spectra were obtained in the solid phase, water, 2H2O, and dimethyl sulfoxide solutions. A distinct Amide I band was obtained at 1663 cm−1 for aqueous and deuterated samples an...

Publisher SummaryThis chapter presents methods for direct radioligand measurement of oxytocin receptors in anterior pituitary gland. The cellular actions of oxytocin are mediated by binding to cell surface receptors on target cells. In addition to its well-defined peripheral actions in the uteru...

Circular dichroic spectra were measured for three analogues of deamino-oxytocin of different ring sizes where the disulfide group of oxytocin is replaced by the (CH2)n group. Their backbone rings are composed of different numbers of atoms, i.e., they are nineteen, twenty and twenty-one for [1,6-...

Ovine corticotropin releasing factor (oCRF-41) and AVP act synergistically to stimulate pituitary ACTH secretion. In the present study we have investigated whether the effect of AVP, either in the presence or in the absence of oCRF-41 (0.5 nmol/l), could be blocked by V1 (pressor)-antagonists. F...

Oxytocin, the peptide well-known for its hormonal role in parturition and lactation, is present in several extrahypothalamic brain areas besides the neurohyophyseal system. The peptide is found in neurons which send their projections to brain areas containing specific oxytocin-binding sites. Oxy...

The potency of several oxytocin-related peptides in inducing penile erection and yawning after injection into a lateral ventricle of male rats was compared. Substitution of two amino acids in the oxytocin molecule or deletion of the C-terminal glycinamide as in des-GlyNH2-oxytocin [oxytocin(1–8...