BJ-48, a serine protease from the venom of Bothrops jararacussu, was purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatography on p-aminobenzamidine-agarose followed by HPLC gel filtration. BJ-48 presented 52 kDa by SDS–PAGE analysis and 48,036 Da by electron spray mass spectrometry. The enzyme was...

Background/Aims: Activation of hepatic stellate cells plays a key role in liver fibrogenesis. Disruption of normal hepatic stellate cell-matrix interactions may contribute to this process. However, little is known about the molecular events leading from integrin-extracellular matrix interaction ...

The effects of several protease substrates or protease inhibitors on neuromuscular transmission in the isolated mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm were studied. N-Carbobenzoxy-Gly-Gly-Arg-β-naphthylamide (Z-GGR-N) but none of the other agents inhibited the nerve-evoked muscle contractions. By means ...

The mechanism of action by which large doses of aprotinin decrease blood loss during cardiac surgery is not completely understood. In a prospective, controlled study, 30 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were given high-dose aprotinin in accordance with a commonly used regimen. Twenty untreate...

The present study was undertaken to provide a highly sensitive detection system for the identification and characterisation of serine proteinases separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Biotinylated aprotinin of high specific activity (88–92% active) was prepare...

Kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) plays an important role in inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, and development of neoplasia. There is evidence to suggest that KKS plays an important role in organ protection during preconditioning. Aprotinin is a nonspecific serine protease inhibitor, w...

We detected anti-aprotinin antibodies by an enzyme immunoassay in serum of a 33 year old man who showed anaphylactic reactions during heart transplantation under aprotinin reexposition. The antibodies were isolated by affinity chromatography by aprotinin immobilized on CNBr activated Sepharose. ...

Background: Versutoxin (δ-ACTX-Hv1) is the major component of the venom of the Australian Blue Mountains funnel web spider, Hadronyche versuta. δ-ACTX-Hv1 produces potentially fatal neurotoxic symptoms in primates by slowing the inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels; δ-ACTX-Hv1 is the...

Neurotoxins isolated from the venoms of Australian funnel-web spiders increase spontaneous action potential activity in a variety of excitable cells. In the present study intracellular recordings were made with microelectrodes (30–60 MΩ, 2 M KCl) from locus coeruleus, mesencephalic nucleus of ...

A series of 24 benzothiadiazine derivatives with structural novelty were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated as PI3Kδ-selective inhibitors. As a consequence of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, compounds 63 and 71 were identified with single-digit nanomolar IC50 valu...

A new, simple and useful procedure is described for the trifluoroacetylation of arylamines using trifluoroacetic acid and poly-phosphoric acid trimethylsilylester (PPSE) as the condensation agent.

A series of novel 1,2,4-pyridothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides (1), some of them being pyridyl analogues of the 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide diazoxide (2), were synthesized and selected physicochemical data (pKa, log P′) were collected. By means of spectral (13C NMR, UV) and X-ray data, the most ...

In this study, configurational and chemical stability of (R,R),(S,S),(R,S),(S,R)-3,6-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro[1,2,4]thiadiazino[6,5,4-hi]indole 1,1-dioxide (1) were investigated by dynamic and stopped-flow HPLC methods. Single epimeric mixtures (R,R),(R,S)-1 and (S,S),(S,R)-1 were obtained co...

N-(2,2-Dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-3-carboxamides 1,1-dioxides were prepared and evaluated on rat uterus, rat aortic rings and rat pancreatic β-cells. Pharmacological studies conducted on rat uterus indicated that several of these original hybrid compoun...

Oxidation of 3-phenyl-2H-pyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine with sodium hypochlorite and, separately, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid afforded a 1,1-dioxide and a 5-oxide derivative, respectively. Further examples of such 1,1-dioxide derivatives were synthesised by treating 2-amino-5-methylpyridine with...

Taking into account structure-activity relationships obtained with our previous series, new diversely substituted 1,2,4-pyridothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides were designed to obtain novel AMPA potentiators. The aim of this work was focused on the improvement of lipophilicity, which is well known as a c...

In an effort to discover new and effective chemotherapeutic agents from this laboratory for the treatment of tuberculosis, here in we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (BTD) based congeners by using rifampicin, streptomycin; ciprof...

Five multi-dentate ligands: N,N′-di-(1,10-phenanthroline-2-methylene)-ethylenediamine (L1), N,N′-di-(1,10-phenanthroline-2-methylene)-1,3-propanediamine (L2), 1,7-di- (1,10-phenanthroline-2-methylene)-1,4,7-triazaheptane (L3), 1,10-di-(1,10-phenanthroline-2-methylene)-1,4,7,10-tetraazatridecan...

The analysis of the new antimetabolite 2′,2′-difluoro-2′-deoxycytidine (Gemcitabine, Eli Lilly Corp.) and of its metabolic deamination product, 2′,2′-difluoro-2′-deoxyuridine, in urine and plasma by means of 19F NMR is described. Both compounds show AB-type NMR spectra which are characteri...

A sensitive, selective, and quantitative method for the simultaneous determination of gemcitabine and 2,2-difluoro-2-deoxyuridine (dFdU) has been developed and validated in human plasma in the presence of tetrahydrouridine, a cytidine deaminase inhibitor. The method employs derivatization of gem...