A novel nucleic acid compaction device based on a positively-charged alpha,epsilon-poly-l-lysine was realized for the first time. The polycationic peptide was obtained by assembling Fmoc and Boc orthogonally protected l-lysine monomers by solid phase synthesis. The route to the novel polycation ...

Surfactant use throughout mankind is extensive, from their initial applications as detergents extending to use in medicine, lubricant, cosmetics and even enhanced oil recovery. However, the image of surfactant use has in the past been tarnished by issues with low biodegradability and their synth...

The proton magnetic resonance features of poly-(N-γ-carbobenzoxy-L-α-γ-diaminobutyric acid) are consistent with a special secondary structure of this polymer when compared with the structure of its higher homologs and of other uncharged polypeptides in the same solvent systems. The pure confo...

Three types of high molecular weight poly(γ-N-methyl, γ-N-carbobenzoxy-l-α, γ-diaminobutyric acid), poly(γ-N-ethyl, γ-N-carbobenzoxy-l-α, γ-diaminobutyric acid), and poly(γ-N-benzyl, γ-N-carbobenzoxy-l-α, γ-diaminobutyric acid) were synthesized by the N-carboxyanhydride method. The h...

Three generations of α,γ-diaminobutyric acid modified poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers [DAB(AM)n, n = 4, 8, 16] containing 4, 8, 16 free amino groups were coupled with Boc-protected α,γ-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) moieties in high yields. These modified dendrimers were deprotected and the chir...

Reductive amination of 3′-apurinic octathymidylate with 9-aminoellipticine provides octathymidylate covalently linked to intercalating ellipticine through a 3,4-dihydroxypentamethylene linker. Studies of its binding properties to poly(rA) reveals the formation of two different complexes dependi...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are ubiquitous, bioaccumulative flame retardants. Much remains to be learned about their developmental toxicological properties, particularly with regards to chronic exposure. In two experiments, male Long–Evans rats ingested the commercial pentaBDE mixtur...

The production of technical penta-BDE products such as Great Lakes DE-71™ is not a clean process but, instead, gives complex mixtures of various BDE congeners. This study reports the verification of the structures of many of the BDE congeners in Great Lakes DE-71™ using 1H NMR and/or GC/MS. In t...

In the last several decades polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have replaced the previously banned polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in multiple flame retardant utilities. As epidemiological and laboratory studies have suggested PCBs as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), the sim...

Recent studies have identified exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as a risk factor for deficits in cognitive functioning seen in children as well as adults. Additionally, similar alterations in learning and memory have also been observed in animal models of PBDE exposure. However...

ResumoObjetivoDescrever as características clínicas e angiográficas da arterite de Takayasu em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros.

Pentabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants have been phased out in Europe and in the United States, but these lipid soluble chemicals persist in the environment and are found human and animal tissues. PBDEs have limited genotoxic activity. However, in a 2-year cancer study of a PBDE ...

The cytotoxicity of four different calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealers (Sealapex, Apexit, CRCS, and Endoflas FS) was tested using human gingiva fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were acquired from the attached gingiva of apparently healthy patients. The sealers were allowed to set for 24 and 4...

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands produced in syncytiotrophoblasts during normal pregnancy.

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary malignancy of bone after myeloma and osteosarcoma. Chondrosarcoma development may be linked to angiogenesis, which is principally elicited by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). The expression of VEGF-A has been recognized as a prognost...

ObjectivesPrior to large studies in breast cancer patients, we have sought to establish the normal range of a potential serum biomarker, Amphiregulin, in healthy women and to determine whether sampling during the menstrual cycle influences the detected Amphiregulin levels.

Amphiregulin (AREG) is a ligand of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a widely expressed transmembrane tyrosine kinase. AREG is synthesized as a membrane-anchored precursor protein that can engage in juxtacrine signaling on adjacent cells. Alternatively, after proteolytic processing by...

To examine the mechanism of ocular axial elongation in myopia, guinea pigs (age: 2–3 weeks) which either underwent unilateral or bilateral lens-induced myopization (group 1) or which were primarily myopic at baseline (group 2) received unilateral intraocular injections of amphiregulin antibody ...

BackgroundAmphiregulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor family, is expressed by activated mouse TH2 cells. Amphiregulin produced by mouse hematopoietic cells contributes to the elimination of a nematode infection by a type 2 effector response.

Amphiregulin, like other ErbB ligands, is synthesized as a pro-protein which requires cleavage at the cell surface to release the active signaling domain. Prior studies using a variety of approaches have not yielded a consensus about the precise cleavage site. Here we report the purification and...