The solid–liquid phase equilibrium for ternary system of 4-chlorophthalic anhydride + 3-chlorophthalic anhydride + acetone was measured at different temperatures and the mutual solubility was obtained. Four isothermal phase diagrams were constructed according to the experimental solubility. The...

Development and design of crystallization process strongly depend on accurate solid-liquid equilibrium data. In this paper, the solubility of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride in methyl acetate + cyclohexane binary solvent mixtures was determined from T = (283.15 to 328.1...

Various substances alter the activity of quintozene, tecnazene and dichloran towards Botrytis cinerea. The toxicity of tecnazene and dichloran is increased in agar gels, and in 0·1 % solutions of agar, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium polypectate and gelatine; there are no similar effects ...

Tecnazene, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloronitrobenzene, a sprouting inhibitor and fungicide used on stored potatoes, has been found to enter the freshwater environment at specific sites in the United Kingdom due to the practice of bulk washing potatoes for supermarket presentation. Because of the paucity of...

Potato samples were taken from nine commercial stores at approximately 2-monthly intervals from November 1990 to June 1991. Three different types of store were sampled - bulk ambient, box ambient and box refrigerated. Tecnazene had been applied as a sprout suppressant, according to the product l...

Publisher SummaryThis chapter provides the basic synthesis paths routes for the manufacture of tecnazene, with a listing of the main raw materials and intermediates used in the synthesis of tecnazene. Tecnazene is commercially known as Foloran or Fusarex, and it belongs to the halogenated aromat...

The stereocontrolled synthesis of seven 2-substituted-4-carboxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines bearing either one chiral center at C-4 or two chiral centers at C-4 and C-8 was performed by condensation of (S)- or (R)-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (Daba) with iminoethers derived from glycine, (S)- and (...

The ability of a small molecule, 2-methyl,4-carboxy,5-hydroxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine (THP(A)), which accumulates intracellularly in various streptomyces, to inhibit the interaction of Tat peptide (R52) with TAR RNA is presented. Using gel-shift assay, we found that the inhibition constant ...

Carboxylic acid was converted to alcohol in a facile-rapid reduction using samarium diiodide in protic solvent under a basic or acidic medium at room temperature in high yield. A similar reaction of ester and anhydride reduced to the corresponding alcohol as the major products and nitrile afford...

Two 2-fluorophenyl-5-substitued cyclopropyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (IIIa–b) with cis/trans isomers were synthesized from the corresponding hydrazide (Ia) and aroyl chlorides by two-step reactions. Six asymmetrical 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (IIIc–h) were obtained by on...

The electroreductions of 8-quinolinecarboxylic acid and its derivative quinmerac (a quinolinic herbicide) on mercury electrodes are studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. In both cases the electroreduction processes correspond to electrodimerization reactions. The quinolinic acid m...

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol in water was examined using Pr-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. These photocatalysts were synthesized by an acid-peptized sol–gel method from titanium tetra-isopropoxide with different concentrations of Pr(III) dopant and calcination temperatures. Several tools suc...

Mg-9Al-xPr (x=0.4, 0.8 and 1.2, mass fraction, %) magnesium alloys were prepared by high-pressure die-casting technique. The effects of Pr on the microstructures of die-cast Mg-9Al based alloy were investigated by XRD and SEM. Needle-like Al11Pr3 phase and polygon Al6Mn6Pr phase are found in the...

Er and Pr ions were implanted into silicon-rich silicon oxide (SRSO) thin films with Si crystals embedded in SiO2 matrix. The 525 and 546 nm luminescence peaks were clearly observed in Er-only doped film, but disappeared in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Er–Pr codoped films. Instead, a b...

Bi1-xPrxFe1-xTixO3 ceramics with x ≤ 0.20 were synthesized by solid state reaction method. XRD patterns confirm single phase formation for all the samples. Rietveld refinement of diffraction data reveals the structural transition from rhombohedral (R3c) phase for x ≤ 0.10 to orthorhombic (Pnma...

The circulating concentration of a biomarker for congestive heart failure, Brain (B-type) Natriuretic Peptide (BNP-32), is measured using ELISA based assays in order to rapidly diagnose and monitor disease progression. The lack of molecular specificity afforded by these assays has recently come ...

Natriuretic peptides, predominantly B-type, are widely used in cardiology as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers or, much less often, as a substantive treatment tool. They are hormones that are produced mainly in the myocardium in response to overload and ischemia, and their level quite accurat...

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is the first hormone isolated from the heart as a potent natriuretic/diuretic and hypotensive factor. ANP has an intramolecular ring structure connected by two cysteine residues and N-terminal and C-terminal extensions from it. ANP is present in mammals, amphibia...

Three doses of porcine brain natriuretic peptide (pBNP-32) were tested in regards to the extinction of active avoidance behavior following injection into the lateral brain ventricle in rats. This peptide delayed the extinction of the active avoidance reflex in a dose-dependent manner. To clarify...

Partial amnesia was induced in rats by electroconvulsive shock (ECS) immediately after passive avoidance learning. This partial amnesia could be prevented by administering porcine brain natriuretic peptide-32 (pBNP-32) into the lateral brain ventricle. The effects of pretreatment with different ...