Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 210℃; for 24h; Catalytic behavior; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; | 100% |
With dichloro(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene)palladium(II)*CH2Cl2; cesium fluoride In dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 8h; | 96% |
With bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II) chloride; sodium hydride; triphenylphosphine; zinc In toluene at 70 - 90℃; Ullmann-type coupling; | 93% |
ethyl(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propoxo)(2,2'-bipyridine)nickel
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
B
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl propionate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With carbon monoxide In tetrahydrofuran Addn. of CO (ambient pressure) to metal complex (THF, room temp.), stirring (2.5 h).; Trap-to-trap distn., GLC anal.; | A 100% B 97% |
methyl(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propoxo)(2,2'-bipyridine)nickel
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
B
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl acetate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With carbon monoxide In tetrahydrofuran Addn. of CO (ambient pressure) to metal complex (THF, room temp.), stirring (2.5 h).; Trap-to-trap distn., GLC anal.; | A 100% B 98% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; johnphos; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 20℃; for 12h; | 99% |
With sodium hydroxide; triethylammonium formate; zinc In methanol for 2.5h; Heating; | 92% |
With sodium hydroxide; ammonium formate; zinc In methanol for 2.5h; Heating; | 90% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With (2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amine; copper(l) iodide; dichloro(1,3-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)propane)palladium In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100℃; for 16h; Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling; Inert atmosphere; | 99% |
2,2'-bipyridyl N-oxide
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With (4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine)bis[(2-pyridinyl)phenyl]iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate; di-tert-butyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridine-dicarboxylate In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; acetonitrile at 20℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; chemoselective reaction; | 98% |
With (4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl)-bis-(2-phenylpyridine(-1H))-iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate; hydrazine hydrate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 27h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; chemoselective reaction; | 96% |
With N-Bromosuccinimide In chlorobenzene at 150℃; for 17h; | 20 %Spectr. |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene at 170℃; for 16h; | 97.4% |
With cyclooctadienyl cobalt at 140 - 190℃; for 2h; Temperature; Autoclave; | 250 g |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dmap; copper(II) ethylacetoacetate; C26H36NP; silver(I) acetate In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 90℃; for 8h; Reagent/catalyst; | 96.7% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 35℃; for 12h; Reagent/catalyst; Ullmann Condensation; Inert atmosphere; | 96% |
With aluminum oxide; nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate; sodium hydroxide; zinc In methanol; water at 50℃; for 3h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; | 95% |
With manganese; nickel(II) bromide trihydrate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20 - 60℃; for 20h; Inert atmosphere; | 86% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With titanium tetrachloride; tin(ll) chloride In benzene for 0.5h; Ambient temperature; | 95% |
With titanium In tetrahydrofuran for 0.25h; Ambient temperature; | 90% |
With sodium hypophosphite; palladium on activated charcoal In acetic acid at 60℃; for 1h; | 90% |
methyl 4-iodobenzoate
2-trimethylstannylpyridine
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
B
4-pyridin-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride In tetrahydrofuran Heating; | A n/a B 95% |
cis-dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)
{Ag(2,2'-bipyridine)2}ClO4
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol byproducts: AgCl; heated to reflux for 15 min; cooled, filtered, concd., addn. of an aq. soln. of NaClO4, pptn. filtered off, washed with diethyl ether, recrystn. (water or water-methanol 9:1); elem. anal.; | A n/a B 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Aza-Diels-Alder reaction; | 93.3% |
2-bromo-pyridine
phenylboronic acid
A
2-phenylpyridine
B
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium phosphate; palladium diacetate In water at 100℃; for 4h; Suzuki Coupling; Inert atmosphere; Green chemistry; | A 92% B n/a |
With 1-(4-bromobenzyl)-3-(4-chlorobenzyl)benzimidazolium chloride; palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 120℃; for 0.166667h; Reagent/catalyst; Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling; Microwave irradiation; | A 67.0 %Spectr. B 27.2 %Spectr. |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium hydroxide; tetrabutyl-ammonium chloride; lithium chloride In tetrahydrofuran; ethanol | 91% |
cis-dichlorobis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With NaNO3 In methanol byproducts: AgCl; heated to reflux for 15 min; cooled, filtered, concd., addn. of an aq. soln. of NaNO3, pptn. filtered off, washed with diethyl ether, recrystn. (water or water-methanol 9:1); elem. anal.; | A n/a B 90% |
2-tri-n-butylstannylpyridine
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With palladium diacetate; copper dichloride In tetrahydrofuran at 23℃; for 1h; | 89% |
With iodine; copper dichloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100℃; for 4h; | 85% |
With bis(η3-allyl-μ-chloropalladium(II)); N-(2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)methylene benzenamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 70℃; for 72h; | 79% |
With air; Pd-organostannane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 70℃; for 72h; | 79% |
3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazine
bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In xylene at 90 - 120℃; Aza-Diels-Alder reaction; | 88.2% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
88.2% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
88.2% |
Phenylselenyl chloride
tris(2-pyridyl)phosphine oxide
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | A 12% B 88% |
In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; | A 36% B 57% |
pyridin-2-ylboronic acid
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With palladium diacetate at 20℃; for 0.5h; | 87% |
With potassium phosphate In 1,4-dioxane at 85℃; for 3h; Catalytic behavior; Suzuki Coupling; Green chemistry; | 82% |
With nano-CuO-grafted triazine-functionalized covalent organic framework In methanol at 60℃; Catalytic behavior; | 59% |
A
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) heated at 200°C under vacuum for 1 h; temperature increased to 300°C, and the complex sublimed over 5 h, resublimed (300°C, 1E-7 mbar), elem. anal.; | A n/a B 85% |
(pyridin-2-yl)magnesium bromide
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With lithium perchlorate; palladium diacetate In toluene at 100℃; for 15h; Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere; | 85% |
With 4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl; lithium; iron(II) chloride In tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether at 20℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere; | 75% |
With C19H3F17 at 60℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; | 44% |
benzyltri(2-(4-methylpyridyl))phosphonium bromide
A
picoline
B
[2,2]bipyridinyl
C
4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridines
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With hydrogenchloride In water for 0.5h; Product distribution; Ambient temperature; variation of pH, temp. and time; | A 17% B n/a C 84% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With oxygen; palladium diacetate; toluene-4-sulfonic acid In tetrahydrofuran for 12h; Reflux; | 84% |
With hydrogenchloride; iodine; oxygen In dimethyl sulfoxide at 80℃; for 4h; | 82% |
With oxygen; copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate); toluene-4-sulfonic acid In hexan-1-ol at 110℃; for 24h; Sealed tube; Schlenk technique; | 27% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride; cesium fluoride In 2-pentanol at 100℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; | A 16.5% B 83.5% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran for 5h; Heating; | 82% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With phenyllithium In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; for 0.25h; | A 82% B 53% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 2,2′-sulfinyldipyridine In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; for 0.25h; | A 82% B 53% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
2,2'-bipyridyl N-oxide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With water; dihydrogen peroxide; trifluoroacetic acid for 2h; Ambient temperature; | 100% |
With dihydrogen peroxide; trifluoroacetic acid at 10 - 20℃; for 3h; | 100% |
With dihydrogen peroxide In trifluoroacetic acid at 10 - 20℃; for 3h; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
1,3-dibromo-propane
6H-7,8-dihydropyrido<1,2-a:2,1-c><1,4>diazepine-5,9-diium dibromide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetone Heating; | 100% |
for 12h; Reflux; | 90% |
In acetonitrile |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrachloromethane under N2; soln. of SnCl4 in CCl4 mixed with ligand (molar ratio 1:2); stirred for several h; filtered; solid washed with petroleum ether; dried in vac.; stored in desiccator over CaCl2; elem. anal.; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
(bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene)tetracarbonylmolybdenum(0)
A
tetracarbonyl(2,2'-bipyridine)molybdenum
B
bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran reaction in a calorimeter under argon; | A 100% B n/a |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
diphenylboronchloride
(C5H4N)2B(C6H5)2(1+)*Cl(1-)={(C5H4N)2B(C6H5)2}Cl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In benzene | 100% |
In nitrobenzene | 78% |
In not given | |
In not given |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
bromine pentafluoride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In trichlorofluoromethane addn. of CCl3F to 1.00 mmol BrF5 at -78°C; dissolving; addn. of 1 mmol C5H4NC5H4N at -45°C; pptn.; heating to -40°C in 2h; filtration;; washing twice with CCl3F at -40°C; drying in high vac. at -30°C;; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran (Ar); stirring (1 h); washing (hexane), drying (vac.); elem. anal.; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
[palladium(II)(μ-Cl)(C6H4-2-PPh2NPh-κC,N)]2
palladium(II)(C6H4-2-PPh2NPh-κC,N)(2,2'-bipyridine)perchlorate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetone byproducts: AgCl; suspn. of Pd complex in acetone treated with AgClO4, stirred at room temp. for 30 min (exclusion of light), filtered, treated with ligand, stirred at room temp. for 4 h; evapd., treated with Et2O, filtered, dried, elem. anal.; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Mo(OCH2CHC(CH3)2)2O2(C(2)H3CN)2
Mo(OCH2CHC(CH3)2)2O2(C5H4NC5H4N)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In [D3]acetonitrile determined by NMR; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In toluene Ar atm.; stirring (10 min); concn., addn. of hexane, crystn. (-30°C), filtn., drying (40°C, vac.); elem. anal.; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In toluene Ar atm.; stirring; concn., addn. of hexane, crystn. (-30°C), filtn., drying (40°C, vac.); | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
[Pd(η4-1,5-cyclooctadiene)(C6F5)2]
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran Pd-complex reacted with ligand in THF, according to a) C. De Haro, G. Garcia, G. Sanchez and G. Lopez, J. Chem. Res. (S), 1986, 119; b) P. Espinet, J. M. Martinez-Ilarduya, C. Perez-Briso, A. L. Casado and A. M. Alonso, J. Organomet. Chem., 1998, 551, 9; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
[Ir(III)(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(H2O)3](SO4)
[Ir(III)Cp*(bpy)(OH2)](SO4)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water at 20℃; for 12h; | 100% |
In water at 20℃; for 18h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
[Co(dibenzoylmethanato)2(H2O)2]
[Co(1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dionate)2(2,2'-bipyridine)]
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran 2,2'-bipyridine (0.15 mmol) added to soln. of Co complex (0.15 mmol) (stirring); stirred (room temp., 1 h); evapd. slolwy (room temp.); elem. anal.; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: [2,2]bipyridinyl; [(99)technetium(I)(carbonyl)3(H2O)3] With hydrogenchloride; sodium chloride In water at 40℃; for 0.5h; pH=6; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: pyridine In water at 40℃; for 0.333333h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With fluorosilicic acid In methanol; water at 20℃; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 6h; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
niobium pentafluoride
trimethylsilylazide
[Nb(N3)4(2,2’-bipy)2][Nb(N3)6]
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 6h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 6h; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
tantalum pentafluoride
trimethylsilylazide
[Ta(N3)4(2,2’-bipy)2][Ta(N3)6]
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 6h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile for 0.25h; Sealed tube; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
sodium tetrakis[(3,5-di-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
at 19.84℃; for 0.25h; | 100% |
potassium hexafluorophosphate
[2,2]bipyridinyl
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethylene glycol at 160℃; for 0.25h; Microwave irradiation; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 1h; Autoclave; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With arsenic(III) fluoride In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 1h; Autoclave; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In acetonitrile at -196 - 20℃; for 8h; Autoclave; | 100% |
[2,2]bipyridinyl
lithium oxalate
copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate)
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In water | 100% |
The 2,2'-Bipyridine, with the CAS registry number 366-18-7 and EINECS registry number 206-674-4, is also called 2-(2-pyridyl)pyridine. And the molecular formula of this chemical is C10H8N2. It is a kind of colorless solid, commonly abbreviated bipy or bpy, and is an important isomer of the bipyridine family. It is a bidentate chelating ligand, forming complexes with many transition metals. Ruthenium complex and platinum complexes of bipy exhibit intense luminescence, which may have practical applications.
The physical properties of 2,2'-Bipyridine are as following: (1)ACD/LogP: 1.69; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.661; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.694; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 10.576; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 11.404; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 184.252; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 198.676; (9)#H bond acceptors: 2; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (12)Polar Surface Area: 25.78 Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.581; (14)Molar Refractivity: 47.027 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 141.166 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 18.643×10-24cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 46.65 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 1.106 g/cm3; (19)Flash Point: 107.243 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 49.023 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 272.499 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 0.01 mmHg at 25°C.
Uses and preparation of 2,2'-Bipyridine: It is used as analytical reagent for the determination of iron, silver, cadmium, molybdenum. It is also used as redox indicator. What's more, it can be prepared by the dehydrogenation of pyridine using Raney nickel:
You should be cautious while dealing with this chemical. It is toxic if swallowed. Therefore, you had better take the following instructions: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves, and in case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible).
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: c1ccnc(c1)c2ccccn2
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C10H8N2/c1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12-10/h1-8H
(3)InChIKey: ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYAP
The toxicity data is as follows:
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 200mg/kg (200mg/kg) | KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES IN URINE COMPOSITION KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 196, Pg. 478, 1976. |
mouse | LD50 | oral | 330mg/kg (330mg/kg) | United States Patent Document. Vol. #3875163, | |
rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 150mg/kg (150mg/kg) | Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. Vol. 27, Pg. 619, 1975. | |
rat | LD50 | oral | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES IN URINE COMPOSITION BLOOD: HEMORRHAGE | Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 10, Pg. 363, 1982. |
rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | 131mg/kg (131mg/kg) | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 135, Pg. 317, 1962. |
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