Diethylene glycol supplier

Name
Diethylene glycol
EINECS 203-872-2
CAS No. 111-46-6
Article Data75
CAS DataBase
Density 1.106 g/cm³
Solubility miscible with water
Melting Point -10 °C(lit.)
Formula C₄H₁₀O₃
Boiling Point 245.689 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 106.122
Flash Point 143.333 °C
Transport Information
Appearance colorless liquid
Safety 46
Risk Codes 22
Molecular Structure
Hazard Symbols Xn,T,Xi
Synonyms Dicol;Dissolvant APV;Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether;3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol;2,2-Oxybisethanol;2,2-Di(hydroxyethyl) ether;Ethanol,2,2'-oxybis-;2, 2-Oxybis[ethanol];Ethanol, 2,2-oxydi-;DEG;TL4N;Brecolane NDG;Deactivator E;Digol;Glycol ether;Glycol ethyl ether;3-Oxapentane-1,5-diol;Digenos;2,2-Oxydiethanol;2,2-Oxyethanol;Diglycol;2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol;2, 2-Oxydiethanol;Ethylene diglycol;Ethanol, 2,2-oxybis-;Diethylenglykol;2,2'-oxydiethanol;
PSA 49.69000
LogP -1.01240

Synthetic route

: 96-49-1
[1,3]-dioxolan-2-one

: 67-56-1
methanol

A: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

B: 616-38-6
carbonic acid dimethyl ester

C: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
potassium hydroxide at 63.8 - 98℃; for 6.7h; Product distribution / selectivity;	A 99.1% B 99.8% C n/a
sodium hydroxide at 49.8 - 56.2℃; under 342.034 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale;	A 91.3% B 91.3% C n/a
potassium hydroxide at 47 - 56℃; under 228.023 - 342.034 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale;	A 90.5% B 90.5% C n/a
at 55.9 - 56℃; under 342.034 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale;	A 38.9% B 38.9% C n/a

...Expand

: 2-({2-[2-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-ethoxy]-ethoxy}-dimethyl-silanyl)-2-methyl-propane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With 1,11-bis(3-methyl-3H-imidazolium-1-yl)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane di(methanesulfonate) In methanol at 20℃; for 1.5h;	91%

: 96-49-1
[1,3]-dioxolan-2-one

: 67-56-1
methanol

A: 109-86-4
2-methoxy-ethanol

B: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

C: 616-38-6
carbonic acid dimethyl ester

D: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 76.7 - 79.6℃; under 757.576 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale;	A n/a B 72% C 72% D n/a

...Expand

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

A: 123-91-1
1,4-dioxane

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In neat (no solvent) at 150℃; under 1147.61 Torr; for 24h; Time; Autoclave;	A 9% B 65%
With Cs-P-Si at 300℃; under 75006 Torr;

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

A: 497-26-7
2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane

B: 123-91-1
1,4-dioxane

C: 75-07-0
acetaldehyde

D: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tungsten trioxide on silica; hydrogen In water at 340℃; Temperature; Inert atmosphere;	A 38.8% B 28.7% C 44.9% D n/a

...Expand

: 75-21-8
oxirane

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 130 - 210℃; unter Druck, 16 Mol Aethylenoxyd;
With sulfuric acid
at 90 - 210℃; unter Druck;
at 100℃;

: 75-21-8
oxirane

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

A: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

B: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 100℃;

...Expand

: 75-21-8
oxirane

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

A: 112-60-7
Tetraethylene glycol

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

C: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 130 - 210℃; unter Druck, 1 Mol Aethylenoxyd;

...Expand

: 75-21-8
oxirane

A: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With water under 37503.8 Torr; for 5h; Product distribution / selectivity;
With water; potassium hydrogencarbonate under 52505.3 Torr; for 3 - 4h; Conversion of starting material;
With water; AMBERJET 4200 exchanged with bicarbonate anions at 84 - 93℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 127 - 2556h; not specified; Product distribution / selectivity; Continuous process;

: 75-21-8
oxirane

A: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

C: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 180 - 200℃; Hydrolysis;
With water at 100℃; pH=6; Product distribution / selectivity; Multiclave;
With water; CR11:H+2 at 100℃; pH=5; Product distribution / selectivity; Multiclave;

...Expand

: 75-21-8
oxirane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With water at 160 - 200℃; under 11032.6 - 14710.2 Torr;
With water at 40℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 3h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere;

: 75-21-8
oxirane

A: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

B: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With water at 160 - 200℃; under 11032.6 - 14710.2 Torr;

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

: 106-93-4
ethylene dibromide

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 115 - 120℃;

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

: 106-93-4
ethylene dibromide

A: 112-60-7
Tetraethylene glycol

B: 4792-15-8
Pentaethylene glycol

C: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

D: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 115 - 120℃; Produkt5: Hexaaethylenglykol;

...Expand

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

: 540-51-2
2-bromoethanol

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 115 - 120℃;

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid
With iodine at 190℃;
With mesoporous sulfonated silica catalyst under 760.051 Torr; Microwave irradiation;	96 %Chromat.

: 2781-01-3
1-methyl-1,3,6-trioxacyclooctane

A: 75-07-0
acetaldehyde

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With water; hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane Rate constant; Ambient temperature; effect of alkali and alkaline earth metal chlorides and concentrations of HCl;

: 14187-32-7
dibenzo-18-crown-6

A: 16069-36-6
perhydrodibenzo-18-crown-6

B: 26030-69-3
benzocyclohexano-18-crown-6

C: 25961-84-6
diethyleneglycol monocyclohexyl ether

D: diethyleneglycol dicyclohexyl ether

E: 77094-42-9
1-(2-hydroxycyclohexyl)-1,4-dioxahexan-6-ol

F: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; Rh on carbon In water; isopropyl alcohol at 100℃; under 37503 Torr; Product distribution; oth. catalysts, oth. solvents, var. H2 pressure, rate and selectivity of reaction;

...Expand

: 62698-60-6
stilbeno 9-crown-3

A: 103-29-7
1,1'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bisbenzene

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; toluene-4-sulfonic acid; palladium on activated charcoal In ethanol at 60℃; under 3800 Torr;

: 106-75-2
diethylene glycol bischloroformate

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide In dichloromethane; water at 25℃; for 6h; Rate constant; Kinetics; effect of further solvents, reagent, and reagent concentration, temperatures;

: 107047-03-0
sodium 1,1-di-(3-oxa-5-hydroxypentyloxy)-2,4,6-trinitrocyclohexa-2,5-dienate

A: 1-(3-oxa-5-hydroxypentyloxy)-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol In dimethylsulfoxide-d6

: 77130-21-3
diphenyl-8-crown-3

A: 119-61-9
benzophenone

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane; water at 30℃; Rate constant; Kinetics; Thermodynamic data; ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.), var. temp.;

: 85970-08-7
2-propyl-8-crown-3

A: 123-72-8
butyraldehyde

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With water; hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane at 25℃; Rate constant; effect of solvent;

: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

A: 123-91-1
1,4-dioxane

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

C: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With carbon monoxide; Λ(+)-tris(pentane-2,5-dionato)ruthenium at 200℃; under 112509 Torr;
With carbon monoxide; Λ(+)-tris(pentane-2,5-dionato)ruthenium at 200℃; under 112509 Torr; Product distribution;

...Expand

: 79186-58-6
sodium salt of 2-ethyl-3-propyl-4-hydroxymethylhexanoic acid

: 107-06-2
1,2-dichloro-ethane

A: 123-91-1
1,4-dioxane

B: 57778-94-6
α,γ-diethyl-β-propyl-δ-valerolactone

C: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

D: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In xylene

...Expand

: 111-44-4
3-oxa-1,5-dichloropentane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide; cis-cyclohexano-18-crown-6 at 80℃; Product distribution; other catalysts;
With Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 haloalkane dehalogenase Y109W; water In aq. buffer at 37℃; pH=8.6; Kinetics; Enzymatic reaction;

: 79-41-4
poly(methacrylic acid)

: 112-27-6
2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisethanol

A: 109-16-0
triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate

B: 2351-42-0
2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl methacrylate

C: 107-21-1
ethylene glycol

D: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
toluene-4-sulfonic acid at 70 - 100℃; Kinetics; bulbs method; at various concentrations of catalyst;

...Expand

: 78458-11-4
2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-acetoxy]-2'-hydroxy-diethyloxide

A: 53-86-1
[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindol-3-yl]acetic acid

B: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With isotonic phosphate buffer at 32℃; chemical and enzymatic stability; other temperature and reagents, other pH; other olygoethylene derivatives as substrates;

: 98-59-9
p-toluenesulfonyl chloride

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 7460-82-4
diethylene glycol ditosylate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran for 24h;	100%
With potassium hydroxide In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 3h;	100%
With potassium hydroxide In dichloromethane at 0 - 10℃; for 3h;	99%

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 3041-16-5
p-dioxanone

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine; 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical; trichloroisocyanuric acid In acetonitrile Inert atmosphere;	100%
With 1-methyl-1H-imidazole; [2,2]bipyridinyl; tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate; 9-azabicyclo<3.3.1>nonane-N-oxyl In acetonitrile at 22℃; for 2h; Reagent/catalyst;	98%
With C42H36ClIrO2P2; caesium carbonate In para-xylene for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;	96%

: 72652-35-8
1,3-bis-bromomethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-benzene

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 113858-79-0
2,6-bis-(7-hydroxy-2,5-dioxaheptyl)-1,4-dimethoxybenzene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide at 110℃; for 2h;	100%

: 75194-94-4
3,3,7,7-tetramethyl-2,8-dioxa-5-aza-1λ3-phosphabicyclo(3,3,0)octane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 158073-11-1
C20H42N2O7P2

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
In acetonitrile for 0.25h; Ambient temperature;	100%
In toluene Addition;

: 62921-74-8
2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl p-toluenesulfonate

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 23778-52-1
3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxahexadecanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran at 80℃; for 15h; Inert atmosphere;	100%
Stage #1: diethylene glycol With sodium at 100℃; Stage #2: 2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl p-toluenesulfonate at 100℃; Further stages.;

: 147-93-3
Thiosalicylic acid

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: di(ethylene glycol) bis(2-mercaptobenzoate)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In toluene for 6h; Heating / reflux;	100%

: 434-13-9
Lithocholic acid

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (R)-4-((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3-Hydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride at 55℃; for 20h; pH=3; Inert atmosphere;	100%

: 75-44-5
phosgene

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 106-75-2
diethylene glycol bischloroformate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid at 0 - 10℃; for 1h; Temperature; Concentration;	99.6%
at 8 - 20℃;
cooling;

: 65-85-0
benzoic acid

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 20587-61-5
diethylene glycol benzoate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With titanium(IV) isopropylate In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene at 200 - 240℃; under 37.5038 - 750.075 Torr; for 4h; Pressure; Solvent;	99.5%
With aluminum oxide; methanesulfonic acid at 80℃; for 1h;	92%
With cationen-exchanger; toluene
With di-isopropyl azodicarboxylate; triphenylphosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 0.75h; Sonication; Inert atmosphere;	132 mg

: 1034343-24-2
4-O-benzyl-3,5-di-O-(methoxymethyl)gallic acid

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 2,2’-oxybis(ethane-2,1-cliyl)bis(4-(benzyloxy)-3,5-bis(methoxymethoxy)benzoate)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With dmap; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In dichloromethane at 20℃;	99.4%

: 131986-28-2
3-(4-chloro-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)pyridine

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 390799-80-1
di(ethylene glycol) di[3-(pyrid-3-yl)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl] ether

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: diethylene glycol With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran; hexane for 1h; Heating; Stage #2: 3-(4-chloro-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)pyridine In tetrahydrofuran; hexane for 24h; Heating; Further stages.;	99.2%

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 123-91-1
1,4-dioxane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With copper(ll) bromide at 175℃; for 10h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	99%
With hafnium tetrakis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) In neat (no solvent) at 180℃; for 4.5h;	85%
With sulfuric acid durch kontinuierliche Destillation;

: 98-59-9
p-toluenesulfonyl chloride

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 118591-58-5
5-tosyloxy-3-oxapentanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium iodide; silver(l) oxide In dichloromethane for 10h;	99%
With silver(II) oxide; potassium iodide In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; Darkness;	99%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h;	98%

: 814-68-6
acryloyl chloride

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 4074-88-8
diethyleneglycol(diacrylate)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 1h;	99%
With triethylamine; 2-hydroxyresorcinol In benzene at 50℃; for 0.5h;	40%
With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; Cooling with ice;

: 2212-10-4
chloromethylmethyldiethoxysilane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 2-methyl-2-chloromethyl-1,3,6,2-trioxasilocane

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
toluene-4-sulfonic acid In 1,4-dioxane; methanol Heating;	99%

: 4869-59-4
3-mercapto benzoic acid

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: di(ethylene glycol) bis(3-mercaptobenzoate)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid In toluene for 6h; Heating / reflux;	99%

: 40372-72-3
bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 1036978-38-7
bis[tri(hydroxydiethyleneoxy)silylpropyl] tetrasulfide

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium ethanolate In ethanol at 150℃; under 20 Torr; for 2h;	99%

: 56706-10-6
4,4,13,13-tetraethoxy-3,14-dioxa-8,9-dithia-4,13-disilahexadecane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: bis[tri(hydroxydiethyleneoxy)silylpropyl]disulfide

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium ethanolate In ethanol at 150℃; under 20 Torr; for 2h;	99%

: 3555-94-0
isocyanatoethene

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 6420-56-0
diethyleneglycol bis(N-vinylcarbamate)

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: diethylene glycol With dibutyltin dilaurate In dichloromethane at 2.5 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: isocyanatoethene In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 26h;	99%

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 98-89-5
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

: diethylene glycol dicyclohexylcarboxylic acid

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With antimony triglycolate at 105℃; for 48h; Inert atmosphere;	99%

: 874883-18-8
tert-butyl-[[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]dimethylsilane

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: C18H32O4Si

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: diethylene glycol With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: tert-butyl-[[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]dimethylsilane In tetrahydrofuran for 16h; Reflux;	99%

: 17201-43-3
4-cyanobenzyl bromide

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: C12H15NO3

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: diethylene glycol With sodium hydride In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 4-cyanobenzyl bromide In tetrahydrofuran for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;	99%

: 75212-17-8
5-Phenyl-<5-13C>-1,2,3-thiadiazol

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 75212-21-4
2-Phenyl<2-13C>thiiren

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 245℃; for 1h; Product distribution; Mechanism; photolyse;	98.6%

: 65-85-0
benzoic acid

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 120-55-8
diethyleneglycol dibenzoate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With Sb(OAc)2 at 105℃; for 48h;	98%
With titanium(IV) isopropylate In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene at 170℃; Large scale;	98%
With sodium hydrogen sulfate at 180 - 200℃; Large scale;	95%

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 693-21-0
diethylene glycol dinitrate

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With carbon dioxide; dinitrogen pentoxide at 0℃; under 45004.5 - 60006 Torr; for 0.5h; Autoclave;	98%
With sulfuric acid; nitric acid
With sulfuric acid; nitric acid
With sulfuric acid; nitric acid

: 1115-15-7
divinyl sulfoxide

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: C36H74O19S4

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide at 60℃; for 5h;	98%

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 1079-69-2
phenyl-2-trioxaphosphocane-1,3,6,2

: C14H23O6P

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Ambient temperature;	98%

: 13154-24-0
triisopropylsilyl chloride

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: 203932-61-0
2-(2-triisopropylsiloxyethoxy)ethanol

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With pyridine In dichloromethane Ambient temperature;	98%

: 27854-31-5
acide 2-perfluorooctylethanoieque

: 111-46-6
diethylene glycol

: Acide (Z)-3-perfluoroheptyl-9-hydroxy-4,7-dioxanon-2-enoique

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide for 3h; Elimination; Heating;	98%

Diethylene glycol Consensus Reports

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL(111-46-6) is reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Glycol ether compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.

Diethylene glycol Standards and Recommendations

DFG MAK: 10 ppm

Diethylene glycol Specification

Diethylene glycol, also known as 2,2'-oxybisethanol, is colorless, virtually odorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid with a sweetish taste. It has a higher boiling point, viscosity and specific gravity compared to MEG. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, acetone, chloroform, and furfural, but not miscible with ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, or aromatic hydrocarbons. Diethylene glycol is an important industrial solvent. It is utilized in the manufacture of unsaturated polyesters, plasticizer and some important resins.

Diethylene glycol is one kind of glycols derived from oxirane. These glycols have the formula HOCH₂CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)_nOH are:
n = 0 ethylene glycol; MEG
n = 1 DEG
n = 2 triethylene glycol, TEG, or triglycol
n = 3 tetraethylene glycol
n = 4 pentaethylene glycol
n > 4 polyethylene glycol

Preparation: Diethylene glycol is produced as a by－product, along with triethylene glycol, in the manufacture of ethylene glycol from hydrolysis of ethylene oxide. The industry generally operates to maximize MEG production. Availability of DEG will depend on demand for derivatives of the primary product, ethylene glycol, rather than on DEG market requirements.

Diethylene glycol is produced from hydrolysis of ethylene oxide

Uses: Diethylene glycol is used to produce unsaturated polyester resins, plasticizers, polyurethanes, rubber, fiberglass, oil viscosity improver, and so on. It is also used as antifreeze, gas dehydration, plasticizer, solvent, aromatics extraction agent, cigarette hygroscopic agent, textile lubricant and finishing agent, antidesiccant of paste and a variety of glue, etc. What's more, it is used as solvent for oil, resins, nitrocellulose, printing ink, dyes and other organic compounds. Although a dilute solution of diethylene glycol can also be used as a coolant, ethylene glycol is much more commonly used.

Safty: Firstly, diethylene glycol is irritant, and may cause inflammation to the skin or other mucous membranes. Then, it is harmful and may cause damage to health. Besides, it is toxic and may at low levels cause damage to health. And it could even cause heritable genetic damage. Therefore, if swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. Despite the discovery of diethylene glycol's toxicity in 1937 and its involvement in mass poisonings around the world, it also has caused many deaths in different countries. In China, it was also used as a component of cheap toothpaste and winemakers as an adulterant to create a "sweet" wine. Besides China, there also many countries has been damaged by diethylene glycol. Such as: 1937-The Massengill Incident (United States), 1969–South Africa, 1985-Spain, 1985-Wine Scandal, 1986–India, 1990-Nigeria, 1990-1992-Bangladesh, 1992-Argentina, 1995-1996-Haiti, 2006-China, 2006-Panama, 2007-Worldwide toothpaste incident, and 2008 - Nigeria.

Other properties: (1)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (2)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1; (3)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 3.58; (4)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 3.58; (5)#H bond acceptors: 3; (6)#H bond donors: 2; (7)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 6; (8)Polar Surface Area: 49.69; (9)Index of Refraction: 1.442; (10)Molar Refractivity: 25.39 cm³; (11)Molar Volume: 95.9 cm³; (12)Polarizability: 10.06 ×10^-24 cm³; (13)Surface Tension: 42.1 dyne/cm; (14)Density: 1.106 g/cm³; (15)Flash Point: 143.3 °C; (16)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 56.1 kJ/mol; (17)Boiling Point: 245.7 °C at 760 mmHg; (18)Vapour Pressure: 0.00469 mmHg at 25°C; (19)Exact Mass: 106.062994; (20)MonoIsotopic Mass: 106.062994; (21)Topological Polar Surface Area: 49.7; (22)Heavy Atom Count:7; (23)Formal Charge: 0; (24)Complexity: 26.1.

Structure Descriptors:
1. Smiles:O(CCO)CCO
2. InChI:InChI=1/C4H10O3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h5-6H,1-4H2

Toxicity:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
cat	LD50	oral	3300mg/kg (3300mg/kg)		Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 21, Pg. 173, 1939.
child	TDLo	oral	2400mg/kg (2400mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LIVER: OTHER CHANGES	Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 109, Pg. 731, 1986.
dog	LD50	oral	9gm/kg (9000mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 67, Pg. 101, 1939.
guinea pig	LD50	oral	7800mg/kg (7800mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LIVER: OTHER CHANGES	Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 4, Pg. 142, 1945.
guinea pig	LD50	unreported	14gm/kg (14000mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 33(3), Pg. 16, 1968.
human	LDLo	oral	1gm/kg (1000mg/kg)		Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 21, Pg. 173, 1939.
mouse	LCLo	inhalation	130mg/m3/2H (130mg/m3)	BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT	Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 10(12), Pg. 30, 1966.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	9719mg/kg (9719mg/kg)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CHRONIC PULMONARY EDEMA KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: CHANGES IN BOTH TUBULES AND GLOMERULI BLOOD: CHANGES IN SPLEEN	Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 6, Pg. 342, 1947.
mouse	LD50	oral	23700mg/kg (23700mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LIVER: OTHER CHANGES	Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 4, Pg. 142, 1945.
mouse	LD50	unreported	13300mg/kg (13300mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 33(3), Pg. 16, 1968.
mouse	LDLo	subcutaneous	5gm/kg (5000mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 42, Pg. 355, 1931.
rabbit	LD50	oral	4400mg/kg (4400mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA	Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 21, Pg. 173, 1939.
rabbit	LD50	skin	11890mg/kg (11890mg/kg)		Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. Vol. 1, Pg. 25, 1974.
rabbit	LD50	unreported	2688mg/kg (2688mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 33(3), Pg. 16, 1968.
rabbit	LDLo	intramuscular	4472mg/kg (4472mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 59, Pg. 93, 1937.
rabbit	LDLo	intravenous	2236mg/kg (2236mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 59, Pg. 93, 1937.
rat	LD50	intraperitoneal	7700mg/kg (7700mg/kg)		"Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2n rev. ed. in 1985.Vol. 2C, Pg. 3836, 1982.
rat	LD50	intravenous	6565mg/kg (6565mg/kg)		Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. Vol. 1, Pg. 25, 1974.
rat	LD50	oral	12565mg/kg (12565mg/kg)		Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. Vol. 1, Pg. 25, 1974.
rat	LD50	subcutaneous	18800mg/kg (18800mg/kg)		"Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2n rev. ed. in 1985.Vol. 2C, Pg. 3836, 1982.
rat	LD50	unreported	15650mg/kg (15650mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT	Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 33(3), Pg. 16, 1968.
rat	LDLo	intramuscular	7826mg/kg (7826mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 59, Pg. 93, 1937.

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