Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With {(C2H5)4N}Br In acetonitrile Electrolysis; Sn-cathode, 50°C; | 100% |
With {(C2H5)4N}Br In acetonitrile Electrolysis; Sn-cathode, 50°C; | 100% |
In water; acetonitrile Electrolysis; Sn-cathode, Pt-anode, 0.25 M Et4NClO4 in MeCN/water=7:1, 25°C, 10mA/cm**(-2); gas chromy.; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In benzene molar ratio 2 : 1, room temp.; | 100% |
In benzene molar ratio 2 : 1, room temp.; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
80°C; | 99% |
80°C; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) stirring under N2, helding at room temp. for 4 h; destilling Me3SnCl and Me4Sn off under reduced pressure, recrystn. from ethanol, elem. anal.; | A 96% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In further solvent(s) equimolar NaCl-AlCl3 melt, 220°C; | 95% |
In further solvent(s) equimolar NaCl-AlCl3 melt, 220°C; | 95% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In dichloromethane N2-atmosphere; refluxing for 72 h; evapn., addn. of hexane, collection (filtration), drying (vac.); elem. anal.; | A 95% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) stirring under N2, room temp., 6 h.; Evapn., recrystn. (ethanol). Elem. anal.; | A 93.5% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In diethyl ether | A 92% B n/a C n/a |
In diethyl ether | A 92% B n/a C n/a |
1,3-dimethyl-2-(trimethylstannyl)-2-bora-1,3-diazacyclopentane
dimethyl(1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane)palladium(II)
A
1,2,3-trimethyl-[1,3,2]diazaborolidine
C
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In benzene-d6 130°C (17 h); recrystn. (toluene / pentane = 1 : 4); elem. anal.; | A 91% B 68% C 84% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In dibutyl ether | 90% |
In dibutyl ether | 90% |
In dibutyl ether | 89% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In toluene boiling; | 90% |
In toluene boiling; | 90% |
hexamethyldistannane
lithium tetramethyl alanate
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
20 h heating at 80°C; | 90% |
20 h heating at 80°C; | 90% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) N2 or Ar-atmosphere; heating soln. of Me3Ga and Sn-compound at 55-56°C for 6 h; evapn., recrystn. (pentane); elem. anal.; | A 88.6% B n/a |
(CH3)2Sn(CH2CH2CH2)2O
trimethyltin(IV)chloride
A
5-chloro-5-methyl-1-oxa-5-stannabicylco{3.3.0(1,5)}octane
B
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) Under Ar, heating of Me2Sn(CH2CH2CH2)2NMe and Me3SnCl (1h, 120°C).; Me4Sn is removed, recrystn. from CH2Cl2/hexane, elem. anal..; | A 87% B n/a |
1,1'-bis(trichlorostannyl)ferrocene
trimethyl gallium
B
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In toluene under Ar atm. Me3Ga was added to suspn. 1,1'-bis(trichlorostannyl)ferrocene in toluene and heated to 68°C; react. mixt. was cooled to room temp., supernatant soln. was decanted, residue was washed with hexane (or toluene) and driedin vac.; elem. anal.; | A 86% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In diethyl ether equivalent amts. of educts, cooling with ice, dropping SnCl4, 5 to 6 h heating; distn.; | 85% |
In diethyl ether equivalent amts. of educts, cooling with ice, dropping SnCl4, 5 to 6 h heating; distn.; | 85% |
In diethyl ether equivalent amts. of educts, cooling with ice, dropping SnCl4, 5 to 6 h heating; distn.; | 45% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
85% | |
85% |
(dibutylamino)trimethylstannane
tri-tert-butylindium(III)
C
hexamethyldistannane
D
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: HNBu2, isobutane, isobutene; Irradiation (UV/VIS); inert atmosphere; equimolar amts., room light, 25°C, 3 weeks (crystn.); recrystn. (CH2Cl2); elem. anal.; further unidentified products; | A n/a B 82% C n/a D n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With methyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether under N2 or Ar, dropwise addn. of MeLi in THF/Et2O to Si(SnMe3)4 in THF , stirred for 22 h; removal of volatiles, extn. (pentane), concd., cooled to -40°C, filtered, dried (four crops); | A 81.2% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With methyl magnesium iodide In dibutyl ether (N2); | 81% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) N2 or Ar-atmosphere; standing soln. of Me3Ga and Sn-compound at room temp. for 20.3 h; evapn., recrystn. (pentane); elem. anal.; | A 81% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In solid Sn-complex was heated to 60°C for 0.5 h; recrystd. from hot Et2O, dried; | A 80% B n/a |
In solid Irradiation (UV/VIS); Sn-complex was exposed to daylight simulation radiation (>360 nm) for 24 h; recrystd. from hot Et2O, dried; elem. anal.; | A 70.5% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran treating with satd. aq. citric acid soln.; | 78% |
In 1,2-dimethoxyethane treating with satd. aq. citric acid soln.; | 78% |
In tetrahydrofuran treating with satd. aq. citric acid soln.; | 78% |
Diethylamino-trimethyl-stannan
tri-tert-butylindium(III)
C
hexamethyldistannane
D
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: HNEt2, isobutane, isobutene; Irradiation (UV/VIS); inert atmosphere; equimolar amts., room light, 25°C, 2-3 weeks; recrystn. (CH2Cl2); elem. anal.; further unidentified products; | A 12% B 78% C n/a D n/a |
2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)-1,5-hexadiene
methyllithium
A
2-(trimethylstannyl)-1,5-hexadiene
B
bis(2-hexa-1,5-dienyl)dimethylstannane
C
1-(2-hexa-1,5-dienyl)-1-methyl-2,5-bis(methylene)stannolane
D
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrahydrofuran under argon, compounds were added at -78°C, stirring at this temp. for 5 min, mixt. was warmed to 25°C for 10 min and cooled to -78°C, mixt was transfered to a soln. of water in THF; solvent was removed under vacuum, resulting oil was purified by glpc, elem. anal., mass spectrum; | A 11% B 14% C 75% D n/a |
Bis(trimethylstannyl)sulfur diimide
B
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With methyllithium In not given equimolar amts. of MeLi and stannylsulfurdiimide reacting under Ar, Me4Sn removing by fractional distn.; identified by elem. anal., IR and NMR spectra; | A 74.5% B 41% |
methyllithium
hexamethyldistannane
trimethylstannane
A
hydrogen
B
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In diethyl ether Sn2Me6 (1.12 mmol) in Et2O treated with MeLi (1.20 mmol, 1.00 M soln. in Et2O) under Ar, stirred for 30 min at 0°C, TMTH (1.12 mmol) added via syringe, stirred for 30 min at room temp., cooled to 0°C, quenched with water; H2 collected with gas measuring device, GC analysis of org. layer; | A 74% B n/a |
trifluoroacetyl iodide
hexamethyldistannane
A
tetramethylstannane
B
trimethylstannyl iodide
C
trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)tin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In not given byproducts: CO, CHF3, CF3I; for 4 h;; | A n/a B n/a C 74% |
In not given byproducts: CO, CHF3, CF3I; for 4 h;; | A n/a B n/a C 74% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In tetrachloromethane dropwise addn. of dimethylsulfoxide (15.4mmol) to refluxing suspension of (CH3)3SnN(SO2CH3) in CCl4 (50ml), formation of a clear soln:; formation of crystals after 3d, -15°C; idenification of tetramethyl tin by GC-MS coupling;; | A 74% B n/a |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
12h, 195°C; | 73% |
12h, 195°C; | 73% |
2-bromo-5-hydroxy-[1,4]naphthoquinone
tetramethylstannane
5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); copper(I) bromide In 1,4-dioxane for 15h; Heating; | 100% |
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); copper(I) bromide In 1,4-dioxane for 15h; Heating; Yield given; |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With bis(η3-allyl-μ-chloropalladium(II)) In N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide at 20℃; for 0.166667h; Mechanism; | 100% |
With bis(η3-allyl-μ-chloropalladium(II)) In N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide at 20℃; for 0.166667h; | 100% |
With benzoylchlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) In chloroform at 65℃; for 24h; | 95% |
With N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide; poly-γ-(diphenylphosphino)propylsiloxane palladium(0) at 65℃; for 20h; | 83% |
tetramethylstannane
(2R,3S,4S)-4-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-2,3-epoxy-6-iodo-5-cyclohexen-1-one
(+)-(2R,3S,4S)-4-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-2,3-epoxy-6-methyl-1-cyclohex-5-en-1-one
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper(l) iodide; triphenyl-arsane; diethylamine; tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) chloroform complex In tetrahydrofuran at 80℃; for 24h; Stille reaction; | 100% |
C24H24BrFN2O4
tetramethylstannane
ethyl (3S)-(3-benzyloxycarbonylamino-6-fluoro-8-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-acetate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 110℃; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
palladium diacetate In tetrahydrofuran at 40℃; for 0.5h; | 100% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tin(IV) chloride at -20 - 60℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
With hydrogenchloride In chloroform 4h boiling, under inflow of gaseous HCl; | 70% |
With HCl In chloroform 4h boiling, under inflow of gaseous HCl; | 70% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride In toluene at 100℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; | 100% |
With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride In toluene at 100℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; |
Trichlorbutylstannan
tetramethylstannane
A
dimethyltin dichloride
B
butyl-methyl-tin dichloride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
2-fold excess of C4H9SnCl3, 180°C, 2h; | A n/a B 99.4% |
2-fold excess of C4H9SnCl3, 180°C, 2h; | A n/a B 99.4% |
tetramethylstannane
(Z)-methyl 4-(2-bromo-2-phenylvinyl)benzoate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 80℃; for 10h; Stille reaction; | 99% |
tetramethylstannane
2-benzyl-10-methyl-1-oxo-1,2,3,10-tetrahydroazepino[3,4-b]indol-5-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); lithium chloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100℃; for 2h; Stille reaction; | 99% |
tetramethylstannane
5-bromopyridin-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate
5-methylpyridin-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100℃; for 17h; | 99% |
tetramethylstannane
(2S,3S,4aR,8aR)-2,3,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydro-7-iodo-2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethylbenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-one
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper(l) iodide; triphenyl-arsane; diethylamine; tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium chloroform complex In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; for 24h; Stille reaction; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
stirring overnight at 60°F, N2-atmosphere; distd. at 15 Torr; | 99% |
molar ratio of (CH3)4Sn:SnCl4=3:1; distn.; | |
In neat (no solvent) react. Me4Sn with SnCl4 (3:1) at 130°C for 2 h; recrystn. from hexane; |
tetramethylstannane
phenyltin trichloride
A
trimethyltin(IV)chloride
B
methylphenyltin(IV) dichloride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
equimolar amts. of educts, 0°C, 1.5h; | A 99% B 85% |
equimolar amts. of educts, 0°C, 1.5h; | A 99% B 85% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In dimethyl sulfoxide byproducts: methane; under inert atmosphere; anhyd. H4SiW12O40 dissolved in anhyd. DMSO; freezed at 0°C; Me4Sn added; stirred at 50°C for 2 d; half of solvent and excess Me4Sn removed under vac. at 200°C; dissolved by heating at 50°C; kept at room temp. overnight; | 99% |
5-bromoveratralaldehyde
tetramethylstannane
3,4-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; lithium chloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100℃; for 3h; Stille coupling; Inert atmosphere; Sealed vessel; | 99% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With C31H33INPPd In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 80℃; for 24h; Stille coupling; | 98% |
With iodophenylbis(triphenylphosphine)palladium In N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide at 70℃; for 0.5h; | 87% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Pd(phenylimino)acenaphthene dimethyl fumarate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 50℃; for 16h; | 98% |
With bis(η3-allyl-μ-chloropalladium(II)) In N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide at 20℃; for 0.333333h; Mechanism; | 85% |
With N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide; poly-γ-(diphenylphosphino)propylsiloxane palladium(0) at 65℃; for 20h; Product distribution; other organic halides; also organomagnesium reagents; var. solvents and temp.; | 85% |
With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane for 20h; Ambient temperature; | 84% |
benzylchlorobis(triphenylphosphine)pa.. In chloroform at 65℃; competition with Me3SnPh; relative reaction rates of benzoyl chloride with organotins; |
tetramethylstannane
4-iodo-3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; copper(l) iodide; dichlorobis(tri-O-tolylphosphine)palladium at 60℃; for 117h; | 98% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); lithium chloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 3h; Stille coupling; Heating; | 98% |
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With lithium chloride; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) In N,N-dimethyl-formamide Heating; | 98% |
(4S,5R)-5-(((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)methyl)-2-iodo-4-methylcyclopent-2-enone
tetramethylstannane
(4R,5R)-5-(((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)methyl)-2,4-dimethylcyclopent-2-enone
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With copper(l) iodide; bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride; triphenyl-arsane In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 80℃; for 6h; Stille coupling; Inert atmosphere; | 98% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With sulfur dioxide 60°C, liq. SO2; | A n/a B 97% |
With SO2 60°C, liq. SO2; | A n/a B 97% |
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
dropping Sn(CH3)4 to BBr3 for 1 h at -50°C (vigorous react.); slow warming, then short boiling under reflux; distn.; | 97% |
tetramethylstannane
phenyltin trichloride
methylphenyltin(IV) dichloride
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: (CH3)3SnCl; (N2); cooling of PhSnCl3 in Schlenk flask to 0°C; addn. dropwise of SnMe4 with stirring; stirring for 0.5 h ((J. Org. Chem. 33 (1968) 1119); pumping under vac. at room temp. for several hs; GS-MS; | 97% |
bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride
tetramethylstannane
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In dichloromethane under N2 atm. to soln. (PhCN)2PdCl2 in CH2Cl2 at -40°C Me4Sn was added and stirred at -40°C for 1 h and at -30°C for 1.5 h,soln. bisimine ligand in CH2Cl2 was added at -30°C, stirred for 30 min, warmed to room temp., 5 h; soln. was filtered and concd., hexane was added, ppt. was washed with ether and dried in vacuo overnight; | 97% |
tetramethylstannane
bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide
trimethyltin(IV) di(fluorosulfonyl)amide
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In dichloromethane N2 atm.; equimolar ratio, refluxing (4 h); evapn.; elem. anal.; | 97% |
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
OSHA PEL: TWA 0.1 mg(Sn)/m3 (skin)
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.1 mg(Sn)/m3; STEL 0.2 mg(Sn)/m3 (skin).
NIOSH REL: (Organotin Compounds) TWA 0.1 mg(Sn)/m3
For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Organotin Compounds 5504.
The IUPAC name of this chemical is Tetramethylstannane. With the CAS registry number 594-27-4 and EINECS registry number 209-833-6, it is also named as stannane, tetramethyl-. In addition, the molecular formula is C4H12Sn and the molecular weight is 178.85. It is a kind of clear colorless liquid and belongs to the classes of Alkyl Metals; Classes of Metal Compounds; Grignard Reagents & Alkyl Metals; Sn (Tin) Compounds; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Typical Metal Compounds.
Physical properties about this chemical are: (1)ACD/LogP: 3.49; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 3.49; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 3.49; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 262.8; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 262.8; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1877.48; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1877.48; (8)Flash Point: °C; (9)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 30.26 kJ/mol; (10)Boiling Point: 74.5 °C at 760 mmHg; (11)Vapour Pressure: 120 mmHg at 25°C.
Preparation of Tetramethylstannane: it can be prepared by methylmagnesium iodide and tin tetrachloride, which is synthesized by reacting tin metal with chlorine gas. The equation is as follows: 4CH3MgI + SnCl4 → (CH3)4Sn + 4MgICl.
Uses of Tetramethylstannane: its liquid is useful for transition-metal mediated conversion of acid chlorides to methyl ketones and aryl halides to aryl methyl ketones. It can react with SnMe4 to get Me3SnCl at temperatures between 100 °C and 200 °C. The equation is as follows: SnCl4 + 3SnMe4 → 4 Me3SnCl. In addition, it can react with 1-iodo-4-nitro-benzeneto give 1-methyl-4-nitro-benzene. This reaction will need reagent PhPdI(PPh3)2 and solvent hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide. The reaction time is 0.5 hour at reaction temperature of 70 °C. The yield is about 87%.
When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
This chemical is very Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. And it is very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. During using it, you should avoid release to the environment. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. If contact it with your skin, wash it immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). Moreover, take off immediately all contaminated clothing. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible). This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. And you can refer to special instructions safety data sheet.
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: C[Sn](C)(C)C
(2)InChI: InChI=1/4CH3.Sn/h4*1H3;/rC4H12Sn/c1-5(2,3)4/h1-4H3
(3)InChIKey: VXKWYPOMXBVZSJ-RMHPNCEBAE
The toxicity data is as follows:
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
mouse | LCLo | inhalation | 2550mg/m3/10M (2550mg/m3) | SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA | National Defense Research Committee, Office of Scientific Research and Development, Progress Report.Vol. NDCrc-132, Pg. FEB1942, |
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 18mg/kg (18mg/kg) | "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 1245, 1986. |
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