Preparation of acyl chloride, ester, amide or thioester-substituted η3-butadienyl complexes of the type [MCl(CO)2(η3-CH2C(COXR)CCH2)(L2)] (M=Mo,W; XR=Cl, OR, NHR, SR; L2=1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) from 1,4-dichloro-2-butyne and Ph4P[MCl(CO)3(L2)] in water r...

The structure of the complex of 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene with d-tartaric acid, [DMANH]+·[d-hydrogentartrate]−·3H2O, has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods at 100 K. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P212121 with a = 7.0849(3), b = 12.2115(3), c = 24.089(1) Å, V = 20...

Title compounds 1–2 were readily resolved into their enantiomers by crystallizing their half esters formed with O,O′-diacetyl-(2R,3R)-tartaric acid. An intermolecular H-bond between the free carboxyl group and the ring oxygen, determined by single crstal X-ray study of (S)-(+)-tetrahydrofurfur...

A series of 5-(4-substituted piperazin-1-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives (4a-4w) has been designed as chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents. The designed compounds were obtained by an environmentally benign route in four steps starting from 5-amino-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one whic...

For the first time, a comprehensive investigation of the impurity profile of the synthetic thyroid API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) liothyronine sodium (LT3Na) was performed by using reversed phase HPLC and advanced structural elucidation techniques including high resolution tandem mass sp...

In our previous publication on the structure–property behavior of segmented polyurethanes based on castor oil [Petrović ZS, Xu Y, Zhang W. Polymer Preprints 2007;48(2):852–3.], the results showed that these materials which possessed a soft segment weight concentration (SSC) of 70% have both lo...

Syntheses of four castor oil fatty acid-based novel lipoconjugates of phenolic acids were carried out following Mitsunobu methodology. The lipid part consists of methyl ricinoleate and its saturated analogue, methyl-12-hydroxystearate and the phenolic moieties are ferulic and vanillic acid. Synt...

Standard energies of combustion of ricinoleic acid and methyl ricinoleate were measured experimentally by using a semi-micro bomb calorimeter. The energies of combustion of ricinoleic acid and methyl ricinoleate were used to derive the corresponding standard molar enthalpies of formation (-ΔfHm...

Bananas are a recommended food source to alleviate vitamin A deficiency because they contain a high ratio of provitamin A precursors. The objective of this study was to investigate carotenoid accumulation pattern in banana fruits during postharvest ripening and the mechanisms regulating this pro...

The effect of vacuum packing and ambient storage conditions on the stability of the β-carotene in the transgenic Golden Rice® lines was studied. The β-carotene was quantified using RP-HPLC at bimonthly intervals for a period of six months. The β-carotene concentration in the genotypes analyze...

Raman spectra of β-carotene aggregates are measured in ethanol-water solution at different temperatures. The aim is to study in detail the Raman spectra of these aggregates in ethanol/water solution at room temperature and their changes with temperature. When the temperature is reduced from 295...

Nanotechnology has become an option for the encapsulation of compounds, such as carotenoids. However, for the incorporation in to food, it is necessary to develop nanometric systems that are stable under the different conditions to which the food is submitted during its production, transport, an...

In this study, biocompatible formulation of a fully dilutable microemulsion system comprising Tween 60/isopropyl myristate/ethanol/glycerol/water has been accomplished for solubilizing a natural antioxidant, β-carotene. Solubilization capacity of β-carotene in the microemulsion system decrease...

β-carotene has been often used as a hydrophobic nutrient in many functional foods owning to its excellent antioxidant activity. However, the poor orally bioavailability of β-carotene limits its utilization. To overcome such limitation, a delivery system was designed for the encapsulation of β...

The effect of the thickness and density of droplet interfacial membrane on the chemical stability of β-carotene in emulsions was investigated, and its impact on the effectiveness of oil-soluble antioxidants to retard β-carotene degradation was examined. β-Carotene was incorporated into the em...

Microalgae constitute relatively novel source of lipids for biodiesel production. The economy of this process can be enhanced by the recovery of β-carotenes present in the microalgal cells. The present study has addressed matter of enhancement of lipids and β-carotene production by microalgal ...

Organogels were prepared by structuring corn oil with monoglyceride (GMS), and the effect of GMS content on the properties of organogels and solubility and stability of β-carotene was evaluated. Organogels with different properties were obtained by changing the content of GMS (0, 10, 15, 20 and...

The oxidative decomposition of β‑carotene mediated by μ-carbido diiron octapropyltetraazaporphyrin ([FeOPrTAP]2C)–tBuOOH system was investigated in benzene. Interaction between tBuOOH and the binuclear complex resulted in the generation of powerful high-oxidized species those are capable of o...

Six novel cis/trans-but-2-enedioic acid esters had been synthesized to discover the new bioactive molecules that could kill food-related bacteria and fungi. Their structures were analyzed by melting point, LC–MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. 4-(Methoxycarbonyl) phenyl ethyl fumarate (6b) was also charac...

An efficient synthetic pathway to a series of novel “reverse” fosmidomycin analogues has been developed, commencing from substituted benzylamines. In these analogues, the fosmidomycin hydroxamate moiety is reversed and the tetrahedral methylene carbon adjacent to the phosphonate moiety is repl...