The acute toxicity of moquizone (a choleretic drug) was investigated in mice, rats, and rabbits. Oral toxic doses exerted depressant effects, whereas parenteral toxic doses exerted stimulant effects on the central nervous system. In mice the LD50 values were 1155 mg/kg oral, 237 iv; in rats, 213...

A validated, accurate and sensitive LC–MS/MS method for determination of racemic methylphenidate and its metabolite ritalinic acid has been developed. The analytes were quantified by tandem mass spectrometry operating in positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring. B...

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) medication use is on the rise in the United States. The most widely used ADHD medications are the amphetamine-type compounds Adderall (mixed amphetamine salts) and Ritalin (methylphenidate). According to survey data ADHD medications are used as a s...

Methylphenidate (MPH) is a drug that is licensed for treatment of ADHD and also narcolepsy. Monitoring of the parent drug and its major metabolite ritalinic acid (RA) in urine is considered necessary to ensure compliance with treatment programmes. A rapid, simple and sensitive liquid chromatogra...

To investigate the occurrence and fate of ritalinic acid – the main human metabolite of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate – in the aquatic environment, a HPLC–electrospray–MS/MS method for the quantification of ritalinic acid in wastewater, surface water and bank filtrate was develope...

Methylphenidate (MPH), which is metabolized into ritalinic acid (RA), is an amphetamine derivative largely used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, a neurological condition commonly diagnosed in early childhood. Ensuring that patients comply with clinical treatment is c...

Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the most commonly prescribed stimulants for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its abuse is on the rise with its growing availability. Some analytical methods have been reported for the detection of MPH in hair. However, the concentration range of MPH as...

The consumption of nootropic drugs has increased tremendously in the last decade, though the studies on their environmental fate are still scarce. Nootropics are bioactive compounds designed to alter human's physiology therefore the adverse effects towards wildlife can be expected. In order...

Methylphenidate is widely used as a medication for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Less than 1% of methylphenidate is excreted unchanged in urine, while 80% of an oral dose is excreted as ritalinic acid (which is reportedly poorly degradable). This s...

Several α-phenyl-1-(R)-(−)-piperidineacetic esters 3(a-e), were obtained in pure enantiomeric form by condensing (R)-(−)-α-phenylglycine esters 2(a-e) with 1,5-dibromopentane. Similarly, (R)-(−)-α-phenylglycine esters, 2(a-e), were prepared from (R)-(−)-α-phenylglycine1 with high yields.

In this paper thermochromic features of cobalt(II) were investigated in the binary mixture containing inorganic salt (ammonium nitrate) and molecular solvent (N-methylformamide) in order to find responsive thermochromic medium for possible application in a greenhouses for auto-regulated shading ...

The effect of the direct reduction of cobalt nitrate versus the more conventional calcination/reduction treatment has been investigated. Porosity properties of the catalysts are not significantly modified by avoiding the calcination step, as similar BET surface area, pore volume and pore diamete...

High birefringence liquid crystals are important for fast switching display and various other applications. One such singly fluorinated isothiocyanato terphenyl compound 2TP-3'F-4NCS which exhibits very broad range nematic (68 °C) and a narrow range smectic phase have been studied by X-ray...

A novel Merrifield resin supported phenanthroline–Cu(I) complex has been developed and used as a highly efficient and recyclable catalyst in the reaction of 2-halobenzenamines with isothiocyanates for the synthesis of 2-aminobenzothiazoles. The reactions were applicable to a variety of 2-halobe...

The heterogeneous tandem reactions of 2-haloanilines with isothiocyanates were achieved in DMSO using Et3N as base at 80 °C in the presence of a 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl-functionalized MCM-41-immobilized copper(II) complex [MCM-41-2N-CuSO4], yielding a variety of 2-aminobenzothiazoles in goo...

A novel and highly selective method has been developed for the determination of aromatic primary amines by their conversion to dithiocarbamates by reaction with carbon disulphide, and then to isothiocyanates, which are volatile, by heating in the presence of a heavy metal ion. Zinc(II) was selec...

The freeze-dried sprouts’ juice of Raphanus sativus (L.) cv. Sango was prepared and analysed for the first time. HPLC analysis of total isothiocyanates, after protein displacement, resulted in 77.8 ± 3.0 μmol/g of dry juice while GC–MS analysis of hexane and acetone extracts showed E- and Z-...

2-Aminothiazole derivatives are widely used structural motifs in medicinal chemistry due to their broad application in drug development. Herein we demonstrate a novel one-step method for the synthesis of 2-aminothiazole derivatives from the corresponding isothiocyanates via thiourea formation fo...

A new thiourea derivative, N-(biphenyl-2-thiocarbamoyl)-4-phenylcarboxamide, is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR and the single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The title compound crystallizes with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angle between the...

This research investigated the technical feasibility of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as novel delivery systems for encapsulation and controlled release of volatile allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) molecules. We hypothesized that water vapor molecules could act as an external stimulus to trigger th...