The asymmetric syntheses ot (2S,3S,6S)-, (2S,3S,6R)-, and (2R,3R,6S)-2,3-methano-2,6-diaminopimelic acids (7a-c) is described. The synthesis features phosphonate coupling of 13 and 14 to form the corresponding E-olefins which are subsequently cyclopropanated and deprotected under dissolving meta...

Blockading the interaction of programmed death-1 (PD-1) protein with its ligands (PD-Ls, such as PD-L1) was proved to be a pathway for suppressing the development of tumors and other degradations of biological species. Thus, finding PD-1 inhibitors situated at the convergence point of drug disco...

A series of methyl alginate with different degree of esterification (DE) were prepared with low cost, and its application in acidified milk drinks (AMDs) was investigated. The gel strength, molecular weight, solution apparent viscosity and optical rotation value of methyl alginate all decreased ...

(R)-Ricinoleic acid methyl ester obtained from commercial castor oil was transformed in a three-step procedure into its S-enantiomer in overall 36% yield using ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) in the key step process. The developed procedure provides easy access to (S)-ricinole...

Hydrolysis of acid oils is an important alternative for the production of non-ionic surfactants and fatty acids that can be converted to fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) by esterification. In this work, hydrolysis of palm oil was initially carried out in subcritical water using zinc stearate...

Radiosynthetic optimization is crucial in routine PET production but is often neglected in literature. Small changes in the radiochemical procedure can increase the yield significantly and reduce time fluctuation within the synthetic procedure enabling better planning and product release on time...

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) is a wide-spread technique for sensitivity enhancement of MAS NMR. During a typical MAS DNP experiment, several mechanisms resulting in polarization transfer may be active at the same time. One such mechanism which is most commonly active but up to now mostly d...

Suberization induced by wounding is essential to the healing process decreasing pathogen infection and water loss. The effect of postharvest treatment with benzo-(1, 2, 3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid s-methyl ester (BTH) on tuber wound healing was investigated on potato (cv. Longshu No. 3). B...

The heat capacities and thermal diffusivities of n-alkanoic acid methyl esters CnH2n−1O2CH3 with n from 6 to 12 have been measured. The heat capacities have been measured in the temperature range from 303.15 K to 373.15 K; the measurements of thermal diffusivity have been carried out for a given...

A series of C-3 phenyl- and heterocycle-substituted derivatives of C-3 deoxybetulinic acid and C-3 deoxybetulin was designed and synthesized as HIV-1 maturation inhibitors (MIs) and evaluated for their antiviral activity and cytotoxicity in cell culture. A 4-subsituted benzoic acid moiety was id...

The incorporation of 12-lipoxygenase metabolites into phospholipids (PLs) could modify second messengers such as diacylglycerols (DAG) and phosphatidic acids. Incubation of [14C]12(S)-HETE (1 μM) with bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC), resulted in its incorporation in PLs with c...

Ascorbingen, which occurs naturally in the human diet, and a synthetic analogue (1′-methylascorbigen), were assayed for cytotoxic and clastogenic activities in a SV40-transformed Indian Muntjac cell line (SVM), and for mutagenic activity in the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA9...

Ascorbigens are indole-containing derivatives of L-ascorbic acid, some or them (e.g., 1′-methylascorbigen) have been shown to inhibit growth or experimental murine tumors. Immunomodulating properties of 1′-methylascorbigen correlated with its antitumor effect. The immunomodulating action of 1′...

Three representative 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-4-amines were synthesized using an intramolecular inverse electron demand hetero–Diels–Alder/retro–Diels–Alder sequence between pyrimidines (acting as azadienes) and ynamides (acting as dienophiles). Two solvents of this reaction, sulf...

An air-breathing cathode electrocoagulation (ACEC) process with a sacrificial aluminum anode was used to treat arsenite (As(III)) from aqueous systems. Its performance was investigated by controlling operational parameters. As(III) removal efficiency of the ACEC increased from 81 to 86% with an ...

Herein, we report rGO/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (NCs) free from noble metals, synthesized by facile one step chemical reduction method, for electrochemical detection of arsenite in water by square wave anodic stripping Voltammetry (SWASV). The synthesized NCs were characterized for its optical, morph...

Spatial learning plays a major role in one's information recording. Arsenic is one of ubiquitous environmental toxins with known neurological effects. However, studies investigating the effects of arsenic on spatial learning and related mechanisms are limited. This study was planned toexami...

Sulfidogenic process using sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) has been used to remove arsenite from the arsenic-contaminated waters through the precipitation of arsenite with sulfide. However, excessive sulfide production and significant pH increase induced by sulfate reduction result in the format...

Phytoremediation is considered an ecologically beneficial technique for removing arsenic from aquatic environments but studies on the mechanisms of tolerance to this pollutant, when present in the form of arsenite (AsIII) still need to be performed. Thus, in order to evaluate the potential of Pi...

Arsenic exposure disturbs brain development in humans. Although developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) of arsenic has been studied in vivo and in vitro, its mode-of-action (MoA) is not completely understood. Here, we characterize the adverse neurodevelopmental effects of sodium arsenite on developing...