Amphomycin has been reported by the present authors to be a selective inhibitor of cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis in Bacillus cereus T (Ōmura, S., Tanaka, H., Shinohara, M., Ōiwa, R. and Hata, T. (1975) Chemotherapy 5, 365–369). Investigations were carried out to clarify the target of amph...

The particulate enzyme from pig aorta catalyzed the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose into glucosyl-phosphoryl-dolichol, into lipid-linked oligosaccharides, and into glycoprotein. Radioactive lipid-linked oligosaccharides were prepared by incubating the extracts with GDP-[14C]mannose and UDP-...

Amphomycin, a selective inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis of bacteria, inhibited the lipid intermediates accumulation and the peptidoglycan synthesis from UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-L-Ala-D-Glu-[3H]-meso-Dpm-D-Ala-D-Ala (UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) with a partic...

The effect of the polypeptide antibiotic, amphomycin, on the in vitro and in vivo synthesis of polyprenyl-linked sugars and glycoproteins in plants was examined. This antibiotic blocked the transfer of mannose from GDP-[14C]mannose into mannosyl-phos-phoryl-dolichol by a particulate enzyme prepa...

The acidic linear lipopeptide amphomycin is a calcium dependent antibiotic which is thought to bind to carrier lipids such as dolichol monophosphate. The actual role of Ca++ is not definitely established and in this article we have examined the peptides interactions with a range of divalent cati...

Amphomycin inhibits the incorporation of mannose from GDP-[14C]mannose and GlcNac from UDP-[3H]GlcNAc into lipid-linked saccharides by either a particulate or a solubilized enzyme fraction from pig aorta. The solubilized enzyme was much more sensitive to the antibiotic than was the particulate f...

Aflatoxin is a fungal secondary metabolite with high toxicity that is capable of contaminating various types of food crops. It has been identified as a Group 1 human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Chronic aflatoxin exposure has caused worldwide concern as a matter...

Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and immunotoxic by products of Aspergillus spp. that contaminate a broad range of grains such as maize, groundnut, and cotton. Aflatoxin not only impact negatively crop production but renders the produce unsuitable for consumption and ha...

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins that contaminate agricultural products when infected by toxigenic Aspergillus flavus. Methods for quantifying aflatoxin from culture using chromatography are available but are not optimized for population studies. We provide details of a method for preparation and quant...

Aflatoxin is a kind of virulent and strong carcinogenic substance, and it is found widely in peanut, Maize and their agricultural products. In order to detect Aflatoxin in peanut, we first built a hyperspectral imaging system using a grating module, SCOMS camera, and electric displacement platfo...

Aflatoxins (AFs) are ubiquitously found in food and animal feed. Once food is contaminated with these compounds, decontamination is often a tedious process and sometimes difficult to be achieved. Ability of probiotic microorganisms to remove AFs from various food matrices has been extensively ex...

Aflatoxins (AFS) are toxic and carcinogenic fungal metabolites. Aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic and has been classified as a Group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Samples of imported rice were analyzed for their AFS content. Finley ground rice subsamples we...

We assess the impact of a package of post-harvest technologies on aflatoxin contamination of maize through a randomized trial in rural Kenya. Some elements of this package (training and provision of plastic sheets for sun-drying) were provided free of charge to all participants in treatment vill...

Fungal species associated with stored groundnuts together with incidence of aflatoxin contamination in four major growing regions of Ghana were investigated in this study. Aspergillus niger (39.9%) and A. flavus (26.3%) were the predominant species recovered respectively from 73.3% to 83.3% of 6...

In this work, a highly selective surface molecular imprinted polymers ([email protected]) were prepared using structural analogues of aflatoxins as the template molecule and mesoporous silica FDU-12 as the carrier. The resulting polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy...

Aflatoxin contamination in edible vegetable oils is a global concern due to the harmful effects of aflatoxins on human health. This study reports the status of aflatoxin contamination in seven edible vegetable oil types obtained from Sri Lankan market: coconut oil (n = 32), palm olein (n = 5), s...

The present work aimed to evaluate the transcription and replication inhibitor, actinomycin D, for oocyte chemical enucleation. Cattle oocytes matured in vitro were treated with actinomycin D according to the following treatments: T1, control; T2 = 1.0 μg/ml for 16 h; T3 = 1.0 μg/ml for 14 h; ...

c-MYC DNA is an attractive target for drug design, especially for cancer chemotherapy. Around 90% of c-MYC transcription is controlled by NHE III1, whose 27-nt purine-rich strand has the ability to form G-quadruplex structure. In this investigation, interaction of ActD with 27-nt G-rich strand (...

By converting enzymically cyclic λ DNA to the covalently closed form in the presence of actinomycin D, and subsequently determining the degree of superhelicity of the DNA after the removal of the ligand, it is shown that in the binding region studies (up to 0.034 actinomycin bound per DNA nucle...

Our previous findings suggest the activity of cytochrome P-450 aromatase (P-450arom), the enzyme which converts testosterone to estradiol-17β, in the ovarian follicle of medaka (Oryzias latipes) is regulated at the transcriptional level. In this study, we cloned a cDNA encoding a FTZ-F1-like pr...