3-isobutylglutaric anhydride
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ammonia In water at -10 - 40℃; for 1.5h; | 100% |
With ammonium hydroxide at 10℃; for 2h; Temperature; | 95% |
Stage #1: 3-isobutylglutaric anhydride With ammonia In tert-butyl methyl ether; water at 0 - 20℃; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In tert-butyl methyl ether; water pH=2; | 80.4% |
5-methyl-3-carboxymethylhexanoic acid
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With urea In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene at 130℃; for 3h; Temperature; Solvent; | 93.5% |
With pyridine; di-tert-butyl dicarbonate; ammonium bicarbonate In acetonitrile at 5 - 20℃; for 0.5h; Solvent; | 72.4% |
With hydrogenchloride; ammonium hydroxide; acetic anhydride In tert-butyl methyl ether; water; ethyl acetate |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With potassium carbonate In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene; water at 30℃; for 1h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; | 86.6% |
Stage #1: 3-isobutylglutarimide With water; sodium hydroxide at 60℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride; water | 31 g |
With sodium hydroxide at 50 - 90℃; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With water; sodium hydroxide at 65℃; for 0.583333h; Temperature; | 79% |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With water; lithium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran; methanol at 20℃; for 3h; | 76% |
(1'SR,3 SR)-1-(1'-napthyl)ethyl-3-(carboxylomethyl)-5-methylhexanoate
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (1'SR,3 SR)-1-(1'-napthyl)ethyl-3-(carboxylomethyl)-5-methylhexanoate With chloroformic acid ethyl ester; triethylamine In acetone at -20℃; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With ammonia In water; acetone at -20℃; for 2h; Stage #3: With sodium hydroxide In water at 0℃; | 58% |
tert-butyl methyl ether
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With ammonium hydroxide In water |
(S)‑3‑carbamoylmethyl‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (S)‑3‑carbamoylmethyl‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In toluene Reflux; Stage #2: With sodium hydroxide In water; toluene at 25 - 65℃; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In water at 10 - 15℃; for 1.5h; Product distribution / selectivity; |
isovaleraldehyde
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1.1: di-n-propylamine; ethyl 2-cyanoacetate / cyclohexane / 2 h / 25 - 30 °C / Reflux 1.2: 5.17 h / 25 - 50 °C 1.3: 48 h / Reflux 2.1: urea / 12 h / 130 - 135 °C 2.2: 60 - 90 °C View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1.1: piperidine; pyridine; acetic acid / hexane / 48 h / Reflux; Inert atmosphere 2.1: di-n-propylamine / 16 h / 15 - 55 °C 3.1: hydrogen bromide / water / 72 h / 100 °C 4.1: acetyl chloride / 3.08 h / 20 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: ammonia / water; tert-butyl methyl ether / 0 - 20 °C 5.2: pH 2 View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1.1: piperidine; pyridine; acetic acid / hexane / 48 h / Reflux; Inert atmosphere 2.1: di-n-propylamine / 16 h / 15 - 55 °C 3.1: hydrogen bromide / water / 72 h / 100 °C 4.1: acetyl chloride / 3.08 h / 20 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane / tert-butyl methyl ether / 2 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: chloroformic acid ethyl ester; triethylamine / acetone / -20 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.2: 2 h / -20 °C 6.3: 0 °C View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: tetramethyl ammoniumhydroxide; trimethyldodecylammonium chloride / ethanol / 6 h / 25 °C 2: water; hydrogenchloride / 30 h / 140 °C / pH 1 - 2 3: acetic anhydride / 2 h / 120 °C 4: ammonium hydroxide / 2 h / 10 °C View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: piperidine / hexane / 100 °C / Dean-Stark 2.1: piperidine / 2 h / 55 °C 2.2: 72 h / 100 - 120 °C 3.1: 5 h / 160 °C 4.1: sodium hydroxide; water / 0.58 h / 65 °C View Scheme |
diethyl 2-(3-methylbutylidene)malonate
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: di-n-propylamine / 16 h / 15 - 55 °C 2.1: hydrogen bromide / water / 72 h / 100 °C 3.1: acetyl chloride / 3.08 h / 20 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: ammonia / water; tert-butyl methyl ether / 0 - 20 °C 4.2: pH 2 View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1.1: di-n-propylamine / 16 h / 15 - 55 °C 2.1: hydrogen bromide / water / 72 h / 100 °C 3.1: acetyl chloride / 3.08 h / 20 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane / tert-butyl methyl ether / 2 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: chloroformic acid ethyl ester; triethylamine / acetone / -20 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.2: 2 h / -20 °C 5.3: 0 °C View Scheme |
2-isobutyl-propane-1,1,3,3-tetracarboxylic acid tetraethyl ester
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: hydrogen bromide / water / 72 h / 100 °C 2.1: acetyl chloride / 3.08 h / 20 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: ammonia / water; tert-butyl methyl ether / 0 - 20 °C 3.2: pH 2 View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1.1: hydrogen bromide / water / 72 h / 100 °C 2.1: acetyl chloride / 3.08 h / 20 - 55 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane / tert-butyl methyl ether / 2 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: chloroformic acid ethyl ester; triethylamine / acetone / -20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 2 h / -20 °C 4.3: 0 °C View Scheme |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: water; hydrogenchloride / 30 h / 140 °C / pH 1 - 2 2: acetic anhydride / 2 h / 120 °C 3: ammonium hydroxide / 2 h / 10 °C View Scheme |
2‑cyano‑5‑methylhex‑2‑enoic acid methyl ester
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: piperidine / 2 h / 55 °C 1.2: 72 h / 100 - 120 °C 2.1: 5 h / 160 °C 3.1: sodium hydroxide; water / 0.58 h / 65 °C View Scheme |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(3R)‐3‐(carbamoylmethyl)‐5‐methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With D-phenylglycine butyl ester In isopropyl alcohol Heating; | 90.39% |
With (R)-1-phenyl-ethyl-amine In methanol; chloroform at 25 - 40℃; for 3.16h; Solvent; Temperature; | 41% |
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With (R)-1-phenyl-ethyl-amine In ethanol; chloroform for 0.75h; Reflux; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In ethanol; chloroform; water for 0.75h; Cooling; | 40% |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(R,S)-3-iso-butyl-4-aminobutyric acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With bromine; sodium hydroxide In water at 0 - 85℃; for 3h; Temperature; Large scale; | 89% |
With bromine; sodium hydroxide In water at 5 - 60℃; for 2h; | 81% |
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With sodium hydroxide; water; bromine at 5 - 60℃; for 0.5h; Hofmann Rearrangement; Stage #2: With sulfuric acid In 2-methyl-propan-1-ol; water Stage #3: With tributyl-amine In 2-methyl-propan-1-ol at 2 - 10℃; for 1.5 - 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; | 80.4% |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl-amine
A
(R)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid (R)-(+)-α-phenylethylamine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In chloroform at 55℃; for 1.5h; | A 79.2% B n/a |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Quinine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With acetone In water at 80℃; | 67.9% |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(R)-1-(1-Naphthyl)ethylamine
(R)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine salt of (S)-(+)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol; ethyl acetate at 25 - 68℃; Heating / reflux; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(2S)-2-phenylglycinol
(S)-(+)-phenylglycinol salt of (S)-(+)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In methanol; ethyl acetate at 25 - 68℃; Heating / reflux; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(R)-Phenylglycinol
(R)-(-)-phenylglycinol salt of (R)-(-)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In 1,4-dioxane at 25 - 90℃; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
pregabilin
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With sodium hydroxide; water; bromine at 10 - 60℃; for 0.5 - 5.75h; Hofmann Rearrangement; Stage #2: With sulfuric acid In 2-methyl-propan-1-ol; water at 20℃; for 0.5 - 24h; Stage #3: With tributyl-amine In 2-methyl-propan-1-ol at 2℃; for 1.5 - 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; | |
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With sodium hydroxide; water; bromine at 15 - 60℃; for 0.5h; Hofmann Rearrangement; Stage #2: With sulfuric acid In 2-methyl-propan-1-ol; water Stage #3: With tributyl-amine In 2-methyl-propan-1-ol; water at 2℃; for 2h; Product distribution / selectivity; | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1.1: chloroform / 0.5 h / 50 - 55 °C 2.1: sodium hydroxide; bromine / water / 1.25 h / -5 - 55 °C 2.2: 0 - 5 °C / pH 6.7 View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: chloroform / 0.92 h / 52.5 °C 2.1: hydrogenchloride / water / 22.5 - 42.5 °C 3.1: sodium hydroxide; sodium hypochlorite / water / 3.04 h / 7.5 - 42.5 °C 3.2: 0.29 h / 27.5 °C View Scheme |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
chloroformic acid ethyl ester
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid; chloroformic acid ethyl ester With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -10℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: With sodium azide In tetrahydrofuran; water at -10℃; for 2h; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl-amine
(R)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid (R)-(+)-α-phenylethylamine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol; chloroform at 30 - 55℃; for 1h; Product distribution / selectivity; | |
In chloroform; isopropyl alcohol at 30 - 60℃; for 3.75h; Product distribution / selectivity; | |
In acetone at 30 - 55℃; for 2.5h; Product distribution / selectivity; | |
In ethanol; chloroform at 55℃; | |
In chloroform at 50 - 55℃; for 0.5h; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
A
(3R)‐3‐(carbamoylmethyl)‐5‐methylhexanoic acid
B
(S)‑3‑carbamoylmethyl‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With (R)-1-phenyl-ethyl-amine Resolution of racemate; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(S)‑3‑carbamoylmethyl‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With (S)-1-phenyl-ethylamine In ethanol; chloroform for 0.75h; Reflux; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In ethanol; chloroform; water for 0.75h; Cooling; | 16 g |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: chloroform / 1.5 h / 55 °C 2: hydrogenchloride / water / pH 1 - 2 View Scheme |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(S)-Mandelic acid
(S)-(+)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid (S)-mandelate
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
Stage #1: (±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid With bromine; sodium hydroxide In water at 5 - 50℃; Hofmann Reaction; Stage #2: (S)-Mandelic acid With hydrogenchloride In water at 20 - 22℃; pH=4.5 - 5.5; Heating; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
1-phenylpropylamine
R-(-)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid 1-phenylpropylamine salt
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In ethanol; chloroform at 60 - 63℃; for 0.75h; |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(R)-1-phenyl-ethyl-amine
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
In chloroform at 52.5℃; for 0.916667h; | 367 g |
(±)‑3‑(carbamoylmethyl)‑5‑methylhexanoic acid
(-)-menthol
Conditions | Yield |
---|---|
With dmap; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; Overall yield = 87.8 %; | A 1.436 g B 1.416 g |
3-Carbamoymethyl-5-methylhexanoic acid, with CAS number of 181289-15-6, can be called hexanoic acid, 3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-5-methyl-; 3-(2-Amino-2-oxoethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; 3-(Carbamoylmethyl)-5-Methylhexanoic Acid. It belongs to the Product Categories of intermidiate of Pregablin; Pharmaceutical material and intermeidates; APIs Intermediate
Physical properties about 3-Carbamoymethyl-5-methylhexanoic acid are: (1)ACD/LogP: 0.476; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -0.46; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -2.26; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 5.07; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1.00; (8)#H bond acceptors: 4; (9)#H bond donors: 3; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 6; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.475; (12)Molar Refractivity: 48.791 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 173.272 cm3; (14)Polarizability: 19.342 10-24cm3; (15)Surface Tension: 41.9129981994629 dyne/cm; (16)Density: 1.081 g/cm3; (17)Flash Point: 196.88 °C; (18)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 71.66 kJ/mol; (19)Boiling Point: 401.929 °C at 760 mmHg
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES:O=C(N)CC(CC(C)C)CC(=O)O;
(2)Std. InChI:InChI=1S/C9H17NO3/c1-6(2)3-7(4-8(10)11)5-9(12)13/h6-7H,3-5H2,1-2H3,(H2,10,11)(H,12,13);
(3)Std. InChIKey:NPDKTSLVWGFPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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