Dextromethorphan (DM) has been used for more than 50 years as an over-the-counter antitussive. Studies have revealed a complex pharmacology of DM with mechanisms beyond blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and inhibition of glutamate excitotoxicity, likely contributing to its pharma...
Dextromethorphan hydrobromide was incorporated into albumin-crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogels by equilibrating the gels in a saturated drug solution followed by freeze drying to entrap the drug in the network. Through freeze drying, highly porous hydrogels containing uniformly dispersed...
A method is described for the estimation of dextrorphan, a metabolite of dextromethorphan, in plasma. The bioavailability of dextromethorphan hydrobromide after 30 mg po, as measured by the concentration of total (free and conjugated) dextrorphan in the plasma, was determined in six human volunt...
The chromatographic retention behavior of dextromethorphan hydrobromide on an octadecylsilane column was investigated as a function of the pairing ion and the mobile phase composition. Dramatic increases in the capacity factor were observed with pairing ions containing more than eight carbons an...
Percolation theory is a multidisciplinary theory that studies chaotic systems. It has been applied in the pharmaceutical field since 1987. Knowledge of the percolation threshold — one of the most important concepts in percolation theory — results in a clear improvement of the solid dosage form...
The effect of salicylamide and acetaminophen on the metabolic fate of dextrorphan, the primary metabolite of dextromethorphan, was studied in vivo in the rat. Plasma dextrorphan levels were measured at 5-min intervals up to 20 min and at longer intervals up to 2 hr after dextromethorphan hydrobr...
The effects of exogenous ascorbic acid and silicium on leaf fresh weigh, seed yield, photosynthesis, changes of the activities of major antioxidant enzymes, nitrate reductase activity, proline accumulation, chlorophyll content, and fatty acid composition were investigated in salt-stressed canola...
The GASA (GA-stimulated Arabidopsis) gene family is highly specific to plants, signifying a crucial role in plant growth and development. Herein, we retrieved 119 GASA genes in 10 different plant species in two major lineages (monocots and eudicots). Further, in the phylogenetic tree we classifi...
Adequate regulation of mineral nutrients might be effective to ameliorate the deleterious effects of salts and help to sustain crop productivity, particularly in glycophytes, under salt stress. In this study, laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out at Agricultural and Natural Reso...
In Citrus, colour break has been positively related to ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA) and carbohydrates, and negatively related to gibberellins and nitrogen. However, the mechanisms by which these substances affect the process are not well understood. This study analyses the role of gibberellins ...
The extraction of gibberellic acid (GA3), a powerful vegetal growth promoter widely used in agriculture, has been studied using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technology. The system used in this study consisted of a water-in-oil emulsion made of KCl aqueous solution and n-heptane stabilised by t...
The role of gibberellic acid (GA) or sulfur (S) in stimulation of photosynthesis is known. However, information on the involvement of ethylene in GA-induced photosynthetic responses and cadmium (Cd) tolerance is lacking. This work shows that ethylene is involved in S-assimilation, photosynthetic...
The combined effects of salt stress and gibberellic acid (GA3) on plant growth and nutritional status of maize (Zea mays L. cv., DK 647 F1) were studied in a pot experiment. Treatments were (1) control (C): nutrient solution alone, (2) salt stress (S): 100 mM NaCl, (3) S + GA1: 100 mM NaCl and 5...
Leaf elongation rates (LER) is sensitive to salt stress and osmotic stress, and gibberellic acid (GA) may mediate stress-inhibition of leaf elongation by affecting genes controlling cell expansion. The objectives of this study were to examine the differential inhibitory effects of osmotic stress...
Salt decreases gibberellic acid (GA3) content in rice. Nevertheless, GA3 may exert a beneficial effect on salt-stressed rice. In our analysis, GA3 reduced NaCl-induced growth inhibition in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) in a concentration-dependent manner, including the length of root tis...
A daily intake of 0.04–0.10 mg of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT; 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane), levels which are within the daily dietary intake of humans, by male and female rats significantly (P
1.1. A controlled clinical comparison has been made of placebo, pentobarbital, secobarbital, phenobarbital, methyprylon (Noludar), and meprobamate (Miltown Equanil), in 46 chronically ill patients.2.2. The effects of two dose levels of each drug on induction and duration of sleep, and over-all p...
A simple gas chromatographic method for the determination of methyprylon and its metabolites in urine has been developed for the investigation of a post-mortem case.
This is a report of the pharmacokinetics of methyprylon and its major plasma metabolite, 5-methylpyrithyldione, in an overdosed patient using a reversed-phase HPLC assay. The decline in the concentration of plasma methyprylon was nonlinear between 66 and 30 μg/mL and linear at concentrations
Single oral doses of 300 mg of methyprylon were administered to 10 healthy volunteers. Plasma concentrations of methyprylon and its dehydro metabolite were measured using a recently developed HPLC assay. Plasma concentration–time data were fitted to a two-compartment model with either first-ord...
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