Product Name

  • Name

    Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate

  • EINECS 201-725-7
  • CAS No. 87-13-8
  • Article Data33
  • CAS DataBase
  • Density 1.08 g/cm3
  • Solubility Insoluble in water
  • Melting Point -33 °C
  • Formula C10H16O5
  • Boiling Point 280 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight 216.234
  • Flash Point 107.6 °C
  • Transport Information
  • Appearance clear colourless to light yellow liquid
  • Safety 26-36/37/39-27-24/25
  • Risk Codes 22-36/37/38-42/43
  • Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 87-13-8 (Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate)
  • Hazard Symbols HarmfulXn
  • Synonyms Malonicacid, (ethoxymethylene)-, diethyl ester (6CI,7CI,8CI);Propanedioic acid,(ethoxymethylene)-, diethyl ester (9CI);(Ethoxymethylene)malonic acid diethylester;(Ethoxymethylene)propanedioic acid diethyl ester;2-(Ethoxymethylene)malonic acid diethyl ester;2-Ethoxy-1,1-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethene;Diethyl (ethoxymethylene)malonate;Diethyl (ethoxymethylene)propanedioate;Diethyl 2-(ethoxymethylene)malonate;Diethyl 2-(ethoxymethylidene)propanedioate;Diethyl[(ethyloxy)methylidene]propanedioate;Ethyl3-ethoxy-2-(ethoxymethylene)-3-oxopropanoate;NSC 62117;NSC 9068;
  • PSA 61.83000
  • LogP 1.03300

Synthetic route

orthoformic acid triethyl ester
122-51-0

orthoformic acid triethyl ester

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1,2-bis(N-methylimidazolium)ethanechloroaluminate; acetic anhydride at 125℃; for 8h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;98.86%
With acetic anhydride; zinc(II) chloride for 4h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;97%
With acetic anhydride; zinc(II) chloride Heating;72%
ethanol
64-17-5

ethanol

diethyl 2-(chloromethylene)malonate
28783-51-9

diethyl 2-(chloromethylene)malonate

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With pyridine for 0.25h; Ambient temperature;96%
phosphoric acid
86119-84-8, 7664-38-2

phosphoric acid

orthoformic acid triethyl ester
122-51-0

orthoformic acid triethyl ester

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With acetic anhydride92.6%
...Expand
acetic anhydride
108-24-7

acetic anhydride

(E)-3-Ureido-but-2-enoic acid ethyl ester
5435-44-9, 22243-66-9

(E)-3-Ureido-but-2-enoic acid ethyl ester

orthoformic acid triethyl ester
122-51-0

orthoformic acid triethyl ester

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

...Expand
acetic anhydride
108-24-7

acetic anhydride

orthoformic acid triethyl ester
122-51-0

orthoformic acid triethyl ester

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With zinc(II) chloride
...Expand
carbon monoxide
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

orthoformic acid triethyl ester
122-51-0

orthoformic acid triethyl ester

ethyl iodoacetae
623-48-3

ethyl iodoacetae

A

ethyl 2-ethoxyethanoate
817-95-8

ethyl 2-ethoxyethanoate

B

ethyl acetate
141-78-6

ethyl acetate

C

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

D

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triphenylphosphine; dodecacarbonyltetrarhodium(0) at 120℃; under 76000 Torr; for 12h; Product distribution; Parr autoclave; further catalysts;
With triphenylphosphine; rhodium(III) chloride at 120℃; under 76000 Torr; for 12h; Parr autoclave; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given;
...Expand
diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

diethoxymethyl acetate

diethoxymethyl acetate

ZnCl2

ZnCl2

A

diethoxymethylmalonic acid diethyl ester
7251-32-3

diethoxymethylmalonic acid diethyl ester

B

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 116℃;
...Expand
diethoxymethyl acetate
14036-06-7

diethoxymethyl acetate

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

ZnCl2

ZnCl2

A

diethoxymethylmalonic acid diethyl ester
7251-32-3

diethoxymethylmalonic acid diethyl ester

B

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 116℃;
...Expand
diethyl 2-(hydroxymethylene)malonate
20734-18-3

diethyl 2-(hydroxymethylene)malonate

A

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

B

sodium compound of acetonedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester

sodium compound of acetonedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: 77 percent / SOCl2, DMF / toluene / Heating
2: 96 percent / pyridine / 0.25 h / Ambient temperature
View Scheme
7-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine
333780-72-6

7-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl malonate
105-53-3

diethyl malonate

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With propionic acid; orthoformic acid triethyl ester; Zinc chloride
With FeCl3; acetic anhydride; orthoformic acid triethyl ester
6-methoxy-pyridin-3-ylamine
6628-77-9

6-methoxy-pyridin-3-ylamine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl {[(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)amino]methylidene}propanedioate
53241-90-0

diethyl {[(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)amino]methylidene}propanedioate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol for 4h; Heating / reflux;100%
In ethanol for 4h; Heating / reflux;100%
In ethanol for 4h; Heating / reflux;100%
1-amino-naphthalene
134-32-7

1-amino-naphthalene

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

2-[(naphthalen-1-ylamino)methylidene]malonic acid diethyl ester
131775-94-5

2-[(naphthalen-1-ylamino)methylidene]malonic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
High vacuum;100%
In ethanol at 28℃; for 6h;98%
at 130℃; for 2.75h; Substitution;91%
2-methoxy-phenylamine
90-04-0

2-methoxy-phenylamine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

2-[(2-methoxyphenylamino)-methylene]-malonic acid diethyl ester
104007-09-2

2-[(2-methoxyphenylamino)-methylene]-malonic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol at 90℃; for 18h;100%
at 130℃;99%
In neat (no solvent) at 120℃; for 0.75h;98%
3-trifluoromethylaniline
98-16-8

3-trifluoromethylaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-({[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}methylidene)propanedioate
370-35-4

diethyl 2-({[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}methylidene)propanedioate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 90 - 110℃; for 1h;100%
In ethanol at 90℃; for 18h;100%
In toluene at 110℃; for 24h;98%
4-chloro-aniline
106-47-8

4-chloro-aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 4-chloroanilinomethylenemalonate
19056-79-2

diethyl 4-chloroanilinomethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In toluene at 110℃;100%
In neat (no solvent) at 120℃; for 0.75h;98%
at 110℃; for 0.75h;95%
4-methoxy-aniline
104-94-9

4-methoxy-aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-(((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)methylene)malonate
83507-70-4

diethyl 2-(((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)methylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 14 - 95℃; for 2.91667h;100%
In ethanol for 4h; Heating / reflux;100%
at 100 - 125℃; for 18.5h;100%
4-nitro-aniline
100-01-6

4-nitro-aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

ethyl α-ethoxycarbonyl-β-(4-nitroanilino)acrylate
78596-42-6

ethyl α-ethoxycarbonyl-β-(4-nitroanilino)acrylate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120℃; for 3h; Heating / reflux;100%
for 0.025h; Gould-Jacob reaction; Irradiation;98%
In ethanol at 28℃; for 6h;95%
aniline
62-53-3

aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl (anilinomethylene)malonate
54535-22-7

diethyl (anilinomethylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120 - 130℃; for 16.5h; Temperature;100%
In ethanol at 28℃; for 0.333333h;98%
In neat (no solvent) at 120℃; for 0.75h;98%
3-chloro-aniline
108-42-9

3-chloro-aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

2-(3-chlorophenylamino)methylenemalonic acid diethyl ester
3412-99-5

2-(3-chlorophenylamino)methylenemalonic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In toluene at 110℃; for 24h;100%
In neat (no solvent) at 120℃; for 0.75h;98%
In ethanol for 3h; Reflux;91%
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

3-Iodoaniline
626-01-7

3-Iodoaniline

diethyl 2-(((3-iodophenyl)amino)methylene)malonate
22200-47-1

diethyl 2-(((3-iodophenyl)amino)methylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 90 - 110℃; for 1h;100%
In ethanol100%
at 110℃;97%
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

3-bromoaniline
591-19-5

3-bromoaniline

ethyl α-carbethoxy-β-m-bromoanilinoacrylate
351893-47-5

ethyl α-carbethoxy-β-m-bromoanilinoacrylate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 90 - 110℃; for 1h;100%
In toluene at 110℃; for 24h;100%
In toluene for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;91%
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

methylamine
74-89-5

methylamine

Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate
54535-20-5

Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In toluene at 100℃; for 2h; Condensation;100%
In ethanol; water Heating;
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

benzylamine
100-46-9

benzylamine

2-(benzylamino-methylene)-malonic acid diethyl ester
54535-21-6

2-(benzylamino-methylene)-malonic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol at 28℃;100%
propylamine
107-10-8

propylamine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-((propylamino)methylene)malonate
90490-60-1

diethyl 2-((propylamino)methylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol for 0.5h;100%
In methanol for 0.25h; Ambient temperature;81%
In ethanol Heating;
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl aminomethylenemalonate
6296-99-7

diethyl aminomethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ammonia In ethanol100%
With ammonia In ethanol at 20℃; for 1h;96%
With ammonium hydroxide
benzo[1,3]dioxolo-5-ylamine
14268-66-7

benzo[1,3]dioxolo-5-ylamine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl [[3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenylamino]methylene]malonate
17394-77-3

diethyl [[3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenylamino]methylene]malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol at 90℃; for 18h;100%
In benzene for 3.5h; Reflux;96%
In benzene for 3.5h; Heating;71%
In benzene for 3h; Reflux;
isopropylamine
75-31-0

isopropylamine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

ethyl 3-isopropylamino-2-ethoxycarbonylpropenoate
90490-59-8

ethyl 3-isopropylamino-2-ethoxycarbonylpropenoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 20℃; for 1.08333h; Cooling with ice;100%
In methanol for 0.25h; Ambient temperature;93%
5-Amino-1-ethylpyrazole
3528-58-3

5-Amino-1-ethylpyrazole

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

[[(1-ethyl-5-pyrazolyl)amino]methylene]malonic acid diethyl ester
26823-99-4

[[(1-ethyl-5-pyrazolyl)amino]methylene]malonic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120℃; for 1h;100%
at 120℃; for 1h;100%
at 120℃; for 4h;86%
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Cyclopropylamine
765-30-0

Cyclopropylamine

<(Cyclopropylamino)methylene>propanedioic acid diethyl ester
131775-91-2

<(Cyclopropylamino)methylene>propanedioic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In methanol at 0℃; for 0.25h;100%
at 20℃; for 0.683333h; Cooling with ice;100%
98.1%
In ethanol at 320℃; for 0.5h;98%
In acetonitrile at 20 - 80℃;
diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

3,4-dimethoxyaniline
6315-89-5

3,4-dimethoxyaniline

[[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)amino]methylene]malonic acid,diethyl ester
26717-39-5

[[(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)amino]methylene]malonic acid,diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol at 90℃; for 18h;100%
In acetonitrile Ambient temperature;68%
at 90 - 100℃; for 1h;
3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamine
367-21-5

3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)methylene]malonate
70032-30-3

diethyl 2-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)methylene]malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120 - 130℃; for 2h;100%
for 0.0333333h; Gould-Jacob reaction; Irradiation;99%
at 110℃; for 1h; Microwave irradiation;99%
3,4-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)aniline
121247-18-5

3,4-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

<<(3,4-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)phenyl)amino>methylene>propanedioic acid diethyl ester
121247-19-6

<<(3,4-difluoro-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)phenyl)amino>methylene>propanedioic acid diethyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 150 - 160℃; for 0.333333h;100%
In hexane62%
m-Anisidine
536-90-3

m-Anisidine

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

Diethyl 2-<(3-methoxyphenylamino)methylene>malonate
56881-19-7

Diethyl 2-<(3-methoxyphenylamino)methylene>malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 90 - 110℃; for 1h;100%
at 125℃; for 3h;99%
In neat (no solvent) at 120℃; for 0.75h;98%
meta-fluoroaniline
372-19-0

meta-fluoroaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-(((3-fluorophenyl)amino)methylene)malonate
26832-95-1

diethyl 2-(((3-fluorophenyl)amino)methylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
for 2h; Heating;100%
at 90 - 110℃; for 1h;100%
In toluene at 110℃; for 24h;100%
2-phenylaniline
90-41-5

2-phenylaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-((biphenyl-2-ylamino)methylene)malonate
35957-54-1

diethyl 2-((biphenyl-2-ylamino)methylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 120℃; for 1h; Gould-Jacobs Reaction;100%
p-benzylaniline
1135-12-2

p-benzylaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl {[(4-benzylphenyl)amino]methylidene}propanedioate
24805-59-2

diethyl {[(4-benzylphenyl)amino]methylidene}propanedioate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 130℃; for 2h;100%
at 130℃; for 3h;100%
3-methylmercaptoaniline
1783-81-9

3-methylmercaptoaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 2-[[(3-methylthio)phenylamino]methylene]malonate
16553-16-5

diethyl 2-[[(3-methylthio)phenylamino]methylene]malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethanol at 90℃; for 18h;100%
In toluene Heating;
allyl bromide
106-95-6

allyl bromide

aniline
62-53-3

aniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl (anilinomethylene)malonate
54535-22-7

diethyl (anilinomethylene)malonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: allyl bromide With indium In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 1h;
Stage #2: aniline; diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate In tetrahydrofuran for 2h;		100%
...Expand
4-Isopropylaniline
99-88-7

4-Isopropylaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 4-i-propylanilinomethylenemalonate
64321-60-4

diethyl 4-i-propylanilinomethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 130℃; for 2h;100%
at 120℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere;
4-propylaniline
2696-84-6

4-propylaniline

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate
87-13-8

diethyl 2-ethoxymethylenemalonate

diethyl 4-propylanilinomethylenemalonate

diethyl 4-propylanilinomethylenemalonate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 130℃; for 2h;100%

Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate Specification

The IUPAC name of Ethoxymethylenemalonic acid, ethyl ester is diethyl 2-(ethoxymethylidene)propanedioate. With the CAS registry number 87-13-8, it is also named as Propanedioic acid, (ethoxymethylene)-, diethyl ester; Diethyl (ethoxymethylidene)propanedioate. The product's categories are pharmaceutical intermediates, carbonyl compounds and esters. In addition, it is clear colourless to light yellow liquid which is insoluble in water.

The other characteristics of this product can be summarized as: (1)ACD/LogP: 1.44; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.44; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.44; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 7.26; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 7.26; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 143.88; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 143.88; (9)#H bond acceptors: 5; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 8; (12)Index of Refraction: 1.447; (13)Molar Refractivity: 53.57 cm3; (14)Molar Volume: 200.3 cm3; (15)Polarizability: 21.23×10-24 cm3; (16)Surface Tension: 33.6 dyne/cm; (17)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 51.87 kJ/mol; (18)Vapour Pressure: 0.00388 mmHg at 25°C; (19)Rotatable Bond Count: 8; (20)Exact Mass: 216.099774; (21)MonoIsotopic Mass: 216.099774; (22)Topological Polar Surface Area: 61.8; (23)Heavy Atom Count: 15.

Preparation of Ethoxymethylenemalonic acid, ethyl ester: It can be obtained by triethoxymethane and malonic acid diethyl ester with the reagent acetic acid anhydride and ZnCl.
 

Uses of Ethoxymethylenemalonic acid, ethyl ester: It is an important organic raw materials and it is now mainly used for synthesis of gatifloxacin. For example: It can react with 6-methyl-pyridin-2-ylamine to get [(6-methyl-pyridin-2-ylamino)-methylene]-malonic acid diethyl ester. The reaction temperature is 110 °C.

  

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
It is harmful if swallowed and is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin, so people should avoid contact with skin and eyes. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. If you want to contact this product, you must wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.

People can use the following data to convert to the molecule structure. 
1. SMILES: O=C(OCC)\C(=C\OCC)C(=O)OCC;
2. InChI: InChI=1/C10H16O5/c1-4-13-7-8(9(11)14-5-2)10(12)15-6-3/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3.

The following are the toxicity data which has been tested.

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LCLo inhalation 44mg/m3 (44mg/m3)   National Defense Research Committee, Office of Scientific Research and Development, Progress Report.Vol. 30101, Pg. 11, 1945.
mouse LD50 oral 2227mg/kg (2227mg/kg)   Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 60, Pg. 1810, 1971.
rat LD50 oral 925mg/kg (925mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION

BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES		 Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 37, 1990.

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