Pyruvate (carboxylate anion of pyruvic acid) is an organic molecule, with a backbone of 3‑carbon atoms. Pyruvate is known to undergo several fates depending upon the organism under consideration. It is one of the only molecules involved in both synthesis and breakdown pathways, thereby making it...

The Schiff base sodium pyruvate thiosemicarbazone (SPTSC) was synthesized from the condensation of sodium pyruvate and thiosemicarbazide hydrochloride in aqueous medium. This molecule coordinates to a variety of divalent metal ions M2+ (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Cd) and one type of complexes was obt...

Citrin deficiency causes adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN-2), which later manifests as severe liver steatosis and life-threatening encephalopathy. Long-standing energy deficit of the liver and brain may predispose ones to CTLN-2. Here, we compared the energy-driving tricarboxylic acid (TC...

BackgroundSustained, low- and mid-level (3–6%), radial stretching combined with varying concentrations of sodium pyruvate (NaPy) supplement increase the migration rate during microscale gap closure following an in vitro injury; NaPy is a physiological supplement often used in cell-culture media...

Biomarkers and two clinical rating scales—the Japanese mitochondrial disease-rating scale (JMDRS) and Newcastle mitochondrial disease adult scale (NMDAS)—are clinically used when treating patients with mitochondrial disease. We explored the biomarker(s) and clinical rating scale(s) that are ap...

BackgroundVelocity lactate threshold (VLT) is commonly used as a standard for exercise intensity, although previous studies of VLT have focused mostly on well-trained athletes. Heart rate (HR) is an important physiological index which is easy to measure, the heart rate-workload relationship curv...

An efficient, simple and sensitive surface plasmon resonance based optical fiber sensor for the detection of lactate in the concentration range 0–10 mM is reported. For the fabrication of sensing probe, layers of silver and silicon are grown over an unclad portion of an optical fiber acting as ...

Loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a leading cause of blinding conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracellular l-lactate on RGC survival facilitated through lactate metabolism and ATP production. We identified lactate as a preferred energy substrate over g...

The level of lactate and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) in cells has effect on tumor growth and drug resistance. The glycolysis of tumors could be inhibited by reducing the expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) or the mutual conversion of lactic acid and pyruvic acid. To develop a bifunct...

SummaryRLR-mediated type I IFN production plays a pivotal role in elevating host immunity for viral clearance and cancer immune surveillance. Here, we report that glycolysis, which is inactivated during RLR activation, serves as a barrier to impede type I IFN production upon RLR activation. RLR-...

The nanoparticles (NPs) of commercial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from rabbit muscle were prepared, characterized and immobilized covalently onto Au electrode to construct an improved amperometric lactate biosensor. The biosensor showed optimum response within 2.5 s at an applied potential of 0....

Liver slices from starved rats and incubated without other substrates oxidized ethanol at a rate of 4.1 µmols • h−1 • g−1. Addition of 10 mmols • L−1 lactate increased this rate 2-fold. 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP), an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor, drastically decreased the rate of ethanol ...

Lactate derivatives are important synthetic precursors to a variety of pharmaceutical products. Previously reported methods to prepare lactates require multiple steps or have limited scopes. Herein, we report a Ni-catalyzed reductive addition of a variety of alkyl iodides to α-oxyacrylates to a...

BackgroundSerum lactate increases in states of severe sepsis and shock, but its interpretation may be subject to confounders. Lactated Ringer's solution (LR) is used in the resuscitation of septic patients and contains 28 mmol/L of sodium lactate.

ObjectiveTo evaluate in women with severe preeclampsia the association of lactate concentration at admission with maternal complications.

The sympathetic nervous system that innervates the peripheral circulation is regulated by several mechanisms/receptors. It has been reported that prejunctional 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, D2-like receptors and α2-adrenoceptors mediate the inhibition of the vasopressor sympathetic outflow in pithed ...

The mixed serotonin (5-HT) 1A/2A/2B/2C/6/7 receptor agonist psilocybin dose-dependently induces an altered state of consciousness (ASC) that is characterized by changes in sensory perception, mood, thought, and the sense of self. The psychological effects of psilocybin are primarily mediated by ...

Ergotamine is used to abort or prevent migraine. The most common adverse reactions are nausea, vomiting, myalgia, diarrhea, or mouth dryness, and the contraindications are peripheral vascular disease because of its vasospastic effect, and liver disease because the drug is metabolized in this org...

A new cloud point extraction (CPE) method for ergotamine analysis using fluorimetric detection is described. Ergotamine from an aqueous solution was preconcentrated into a smaller surfactant-rich phase using nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene(7.5)nonylphenylether (PONPE 7.5). Differently from t...

Ergotamine is one of several peptide alkaloids isolated from ergot, a product of the parasitic fungus Claviceps purpurea infecting rye and other cereal grains, which caused outbreaks of ergotism during the Middle Ages and even as recently as the 20th century. As described in the classic studies ...