Disulfur dichloride

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

OSHA PEL: CL 1 ppm
ACGIH TLV: CL 1 ppm
DFG MAK: 1 ppm (5.6 mg/m³)
NIOSH REL: (Sulfur Monochloride) CL 1 ppm

The Disulfur dichloride, with the CAS registry number 10025-67-9, is also known as Sulfur monochloride. It belongs to the product category of Inorganics. Its EINECS number is 233-036-2. This chemical's molecular formula is Cl₂S₂ and molecular weight is 135.04. What's more, its systematic name is chlorosulfanyl thiohypochlorite. Pure Disulfur dichloride is a yellow liquid that smokes in air due to reaction with water. It is stable at common pressure and temperature, and it should be sealed and stored in a ventilated and dry place. Moreover, it should be protected from light.

Physical properties of Disulfur dichloride are: (1)ACD/LogP: 1.899; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.90; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.90; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 16.34; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 16.34; (7)#H bond acceptors: 0; (8)#H bond donors: 0; (9)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (10)Polar Surface Area: 50.6 Å²; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.617; (12)Molar Refractivity: 27.741 cm³; (13)Molar Volume: 79.243 cm³; (14)Polarizability: 10.998×10^-24cm³; (15)Surface Tension: 49.65 dyne/cm; (16)Density: 1.704 g/cm³; (17)Boiling Point: 137.999 °C at 760 mmHg; (18)Vapour Pressure: 8.53 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation: it is synthesized by partial chlorination of elemental sulfur. The reaction takes place at usable rates at room temperature. In the laboratory, chlorine gas is led into a flask containing elemental sulfur. As disulfur dichloride is formed, the contents become a golden yellow liquid. Pure disulfur dichloride is obtained by distilling the yellow-orange liquid over excess elemental sulfur. It also arises from the chlorination of CS₂ as in the synthesis of thiophosgene.

S₈ + 4 Cl₂ → 4 S₂Cl₂

Uses of Disulfur dichloride: it has been used to introduce C-S bonds. In the presence of AlCl₃, Disulfur dichloride reacts with benzene to give diphenyl sulfide. Other uses include manufacturing sulfur dyes, insecticides, synthetic rubbers. It is also used in cold vulcanization of rubbers, as polymerization catalyst for vegetable oils and for hardening soft woods.

S₂Cl₂ + 2 C₆H₆ → (C₆H₅)₂S + 2 HCl + 1/8 S₈

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
This chemical will react violently with water, and if contact with water, it will liberate toxic gas. It is harmful by inhalation and is toxic if swallowed. Moreover, it is very toxic to aquatic organisms. This chemical can cause severe burns. In case of contact with eyes, you should rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. When using it, you need to wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, you must seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). You should avoid releasing it to the environment, and you need to refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: ClSSCl
(2)Std. InChI: InChI=1S/Cl2S2/c1-3-4-2
(3)Std. InChIKey: PXJJSXABGXMUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows: